{"id":571,"date":"2024-01-10T15:12:31","date_gmt":"2024-01-10T07:12:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/?p=571"},"modified":"2024-01-22T09:42:50","modified_gmt":"2024-01-22T01:42:50","slug":"linux%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/index.php\/2024\/01\/10\/linux%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u5165\u95e8"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Linux\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u53f2<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e94\u5927\u57fa\u672c\u529f\u80fd\uff1a<mark>\u6587\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u8bbe\u5907\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>\u80af\u00b7\u6c64\u666e\u68ee\u3001\u4e39\u5c3c\u65af\u00b7\u91cc\u5947\u3001\u7406\u67e5\u5fb7\u00b7\u65af\u6258\u66fc\u548c\u6797\u7eb3\u65af\u00b7\u6258\u74e6\u5179\u662f Linux \u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u56db\u4f4d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86 Linux \u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u80af\u00b7\u6c64\u666e\u68ee\u548c\u4e39\u5c3c\u65af\u00b7\u91cc\u5947\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86 Linux \u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f Unix \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\uff0cLinux \u5185\u6838\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u90fd\u53d7\u5230\u4e86 Unix \u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7406\u67e5\u5fb7\u00b7\u65af\u6258\u66fc\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86 Linux \u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u4ed6\u53d1\u8d77\u7684 GNU \u8ba1\u5212\u65e8\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u514d\u8d39\u548c\u5f00\u653e\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002Linux \u5185\u6838\u662f GNU \u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6797\u7eb3\u65af\u00b7\u6258\u74e6\u5179\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86 Linux \u7684\u6210\u719f\u3002\u4ed6\u662f Linux \u5185\u6838\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c06 Linux \u5185\u6838\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u5c0f\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u4e3a\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u5de8\u578b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u80af\u00b7\u6c64\u666e\u68ee\u548c\u4e39\u5c3c\u65af\u00b7\u91cc\u5947<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u80af\u00b7\u6c64\u666e\u68ee\u548c\u4e39\u5c3c\u65af\u00b7\u91cc\u5947\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5de5\u4f5c\u671f\u95f4\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86 Unix \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002Unix \u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u529f\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5b83\u5bf9\u540e\u4e16\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6df1\u8fdc\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1969 \u5e74\uff0c\u80af\u00b7\u6c64\u666e\u68ee\u5728\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86 B \u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f Unix \u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u30021973 \u5e74\uff0c\u80af\u00b7\u6c64\u666e\u68ee\u548c\u4e39\u5c3c\u65af\u00b7\u91cc\u5947\u4e00\u8d77\u7528 C \u8bed\u8a00\u91cd\u5199\u4e86 Unix \u5185\u6838\u3002C \u8bed\u8a00\u662f Unix \u7684\u6807\u51c6\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u7406\u67e5\u5fb7\u00b7\u65af\u6258\u66fc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7406\u67e5\u5fb7\u00b7\u65af\u6258\u66fc\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u30021983 \u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u53d1\u8d77\u7684 GNU \u8ba1\u5212\u65e8\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u514d\u8d39\u548c\u5f00\u653e\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">GNU \u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e Unix \u517c\u5bb9\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5b83\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u5185\u6838\u3001\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7b49\u3002GNU \u8ba1\u5212\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5b83\u4e3a Linux \u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u6797\u7eb3\u65af\u00b7\u6258\u74e6\u5179<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6797\u7eb3\u65af\u00b7\u6258\u74e6\u5179\u662f\u82ac\u5170\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f Linux \u5185\u6838\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u30021991 \u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f00\u59cb\u5f00\u53d1 Linux \u5185\u6838\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u4ed6\u53ea\u6709 21 \u5c81\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Linux \u5185\u6838\u6700\u521d\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u5927\u5b66\u5927\u578b Unix \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u865a\u62df\u7ec8\u7aef\u3002\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u6797\u7eb3\u65af\u00b7\u6258\u74e6\u5179\u5c06 Linux \u5185\u6838\u53d1\u5e03\u5230 Usenet \u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u5f81\u6c42\u5176\u4ed6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u4f17\u591a\u5fd7\u613f\u8005\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u4e0b\uff0cLinux \u5185\u6838\u8fc5\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u30021992 \u5e74\uff0cLinux \u5185\u6838\u9996\u6b21\u652f\u6301\u591a\u5904\u7406\u5668\u30021993 \u5e74\uff0cLinux \u5185\u6838\u9996\u6b21\u652f\u6301\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u30021994 \u5e74\uff0cLinux \u5185\u6838\u9996\u6b21\u652f\u6301\u7f51\u7edc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u968f\u7740 Linux \u5185\u6838\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528 Linux\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0cLinux \u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5b83\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001\u684c\u9762\u3001\u79fb\u52a8\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u8bbe\u5907\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Linux\u5206\u652f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"header-id-12\"><strong>Red Hat \u5206\u652f<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Red Hat \u5206\u652f\u7531 Red Hat \u516c\u53f8\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u652f\u6301\u800c\u95fb\u540d\u3002Red Hat \u5206\u652f\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u5305\u62ec Red Hat Enterprise Linux\uff08RHEL\uff09\u3001CentOS\u3001Scientific Linux \u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Red Hat \u5206\u652f\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 RPM \u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u53d1\u5e03\u7248\u672c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u652f\u6301<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"header-id-13\"><strong>Debian \u5206\u652f<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Debian \u5206\u652f\u7531 Debian \u793e\u533a\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u5f00\u6e90\u800c\u95fb\u540d\u3002Debian \u5206\u652f\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u5305\u62ec Debian\u3001Ubuntu\u3001Linux Mint \u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Debian \u5206\u652f\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 apt \u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u53d1\u5e03\u7248\u672c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u63d0\u4f9b\u514d\u8d39\u652f\u6301<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Linux\u5b89\u88c5\u548cvm<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">vm\u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u56db\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6865\u63a5\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ubuntu\u4f1a\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u7684IP\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5ip\u8bbf\u95ee\u5916\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\uff0cubuntu\u901a\u8fc7\u865a\u62df\u7f51\u7edc\u9002\u914d\u5668\u4e0e\u5bbf\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u9002\u914d\u5668\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0e\u5916\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">NAT\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ubuntu\u548c\u5bbf\u4e3b\u673a\u5171\u7528\u4e00\u4e2aip\u8bbf\u95ee\u5916\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\uff0cubuntu\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u7ed9\u7269\u7406\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u4e3b\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u5916\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9ubuntu\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u5bbf\u4e3b\u673a\u548c\u865a\u62df\u673a\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ec5\u4e3b\u673a\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ubuntu\u53ea\u80fd\u548c\u5bbf\u4e3b\u673a\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u5916\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5bbf\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u673a\u4e4b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u5e76\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5bbf\u4e3b\u673a\u548c\u5916\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7ec8\u7aef<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728Linux\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ec8\u7aef\u662f\u7528\u6237\u4e0e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u754c\u9762\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7269\u7406\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff08\u5982\u952e\u76d8\u548c\u663e\u793a\u5668\uff09\u6216\u865a\u62df\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u7a97\u53e3\u3002\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec8\u7aef\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u67e5\u770b\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u5728\u56fe\u5f62\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\uff08GUI\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ec8\u7aef\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6a21\u62df\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7a97\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7ec8\u7aef\u7684\u6253\u5f00\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1.\u9f20\u6807\u70b9\u51fb\u7ec8\u7aef\u56fe\u6807<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2.\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u9f20\u6807\u53f3\u952e\uff0c\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u6253\u5f00<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3.\u4f7f\u7528\u5feb\u6377\u65b9\u5f0f\u952e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cctrl+alt+t\u201d \u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cctrl+shift+n\u201d \u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\uff08\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cctrl+shitf+t\u201d \u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\uff0c\u4e14\u7528\u5206\u5c4f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\uff08\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e0a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u542b\u4e49<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/0FVCU0_3TTA46J3YE.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"349\" height=\"112\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/0FVCU0_3TTA46J3YE.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-379\" style=\"width:840px;height:auto\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 349px) 100vw, 349px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u4f1a\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\u2014\u2014<code>#<\/code>\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237 <code>$<\/code>\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7ec8\u7aef\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u63a7\u5236<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7ec8\u7aef\u5b57\u4f53\u7684\u8c03\u6574<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7ec8\u7aef\u5b57\u4f53\u653e\u5927\uff1a \u201c ctrl+shift+\u2019+\u2018 \u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7ec8\u7aef\u5b57\u4f53\u7f29\u5c0f\uff1a\u201c ctrl+ \u2018-\u2018 \u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7ec8\u7aef\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u6e05\u5c4f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u547d\u4ee4 \u201cclear\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5feb\u6377\u952e \u201cctrl+l\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5173\u95ed\u7ec8\u7aef<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u547d\u4ee4 \u201cexit\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5feb\u6377\u952e1 \u201cctrl+d\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5feb\u6377\u952e2 \u201calt+f4\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e0eshell\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">shell(\u8d1d\u58f3)\uff1a\u662fLinux\u5185\u6838\u5916\u5c42\u4fdd\u62a4\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u548c\u5185\u6838\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u89e3\u6790\u5668\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u6237\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/FK9QAX7_Y@GDHO_IH3.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"651\" height=\"581\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/FK9QAX7_Y@GDHO_IH3.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-591\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 651px) 100vw, 651px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">shell\u5386\u53f2<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">shell\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u53f2\u4e0a\u5b58\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u7248\u672c\u7684shell\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u56db\u4e2a\u6709\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong>sh (Bourne Shell)<\/strong>\u00a0<\/mark>\u662f\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u6807\u51c6 shell\uff0c\u7531 AT&amp;T \u516c\u53f8\u7684 Steve Bourne \u5f00\u53d1\u3002\u5176\u4ed6 shell \u5728\u5176\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6539\u8fdb\u548c\u6269\u5c55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong>csh (C Shell)<\/strong>\u00a0<\/mark>\u662f\u7531\u67cf\u514b\u83b1\u5927\u5b66\u7684 Bill Joy \u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\uff0c\u8bed\u6cd5\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e C \u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u6539\u8fdb\u4e86 Bourne shell\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong>ksh (Korn Shell)<\/strong>\u00a0<\/mark>\u662f\u5728 Bourne shell \u548c C shell \u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5f00\u53d1\u800c\u6765\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u878d\u5408\u4e86\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\uff0c\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7528\u4e8e UNIX \u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong>bash (Bourne Again Shell)<\/strong>\u00a0<\/mark>\u662f\u7531 GNU \u7ec4\u7ec7\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u4e86\u5bf9 sh shell \u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u5404\u79cd Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u9ed8\u8ba4\u914d\u7f6e\u7684 shell\u3002bash \u6269\u5c55\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e0e sh \u7684\u533a\u522b\u4e0d\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u5b58\u5728\u8fed\u4ee3\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800cbash\u662f\u5f53\u524dUbuntu\u9ed8\u8ba4\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0cshell\u8fd8\u5b58\u5728zsh\u3001dish\u3001dash\u7b49\u7248\u672c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u7ec4\u6210<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6307\u4ee4 + \u9009\u9879 + \u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/TQSBFJ@3K418GF2B5Q.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"554\" height=\"296\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/TQSBFJ@3K418GF2B5Q.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-384\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 554px) 100vw, 554px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6307\u4ee4<mark>\u4e0d\u80fd<\/mark>\u7701\u7565\uff0c\u9009\u9879\u548c\u53c2\u6570<mark>\u53ef\u4ee5<\/mark>\u7701\u7565\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u6709\u540c\u65f6\u62e5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u548c\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u9009\u9879<mark>\u53ef\u4ee5<\/mark>\u4ea4\u6362\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6307\u4ee4<mark>\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5<\/mark>\u4ea4\u6362\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u547d\u4ee4<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-green-cyan-color\">\u67e5\u8be2\u5386\u53f2\u547d\u4ee4<\/mark>\uff1ahistory \/ \u4e0a\u4e0b\u952e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-green-cyan-color\">\u590d\u5236\u547d\u4ee4<\/mark>\uff1a \u201dctrl + shift + c \u201c \u7c98\u8d34\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a \u201d Ctrl + shift + v \u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-green-cyan-color\">\u5173\u673a\u547d\u4ee4 \uff1a<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201dshutdown -h now\u201c \u5173\u673a \u8865\u5145\uff1a\u201dshutdown 12:00\u201c\u572812\u70b9\u65f6\u5173\u673a \uff0c\u201dshutdown +5\u201c \u4e94\u5206\u949f\u4e4b\u540e\u5173\u673a \u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201dshutdown -r now\u201c \u91cd\u542f \u8865\u5145\uff1a\u201dshutdown -r 12\uff1a00\u201c 12\u70b9\u91cd\u542f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201dshutdown -c\u201c \u53d6\u6d88\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-green-cyan-color\">\u91cd\u542f\u547d\u4ee4<\/mark>\uff1a\u201dreboot\u201c \u7acb\u5373\u91cd\u542f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Linux\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\uff1aLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ee5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u540e\u7f00\u540d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u533a\u5206\u3002<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e1c\u897f\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7b49\u90fd\u62bd\u8c61\u6210\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u7528\u6237\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f20\u7edf\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6307\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5b58\u50a8\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u5177\u6709\u540e\u7f00\u540d\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u8bc6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u540e\u7f00\u540d\u901a\u5e38\u662f .txt\uff0c\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u540e\u7f00\u540d\u901a\u5e38\u662f .exe\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u540e\u7f00\u540d\u4e0d\u518d\u5177\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u533a\u5206\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u7531\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u6027\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u6027\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505a\u201c\u7c7b\u578b\u201d\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5176\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u201c\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u201d\u3001\u201c\u76ee\u5f55\u201d\u3001\u201c\u7b26\u53f7\u94fe\u63a5\u201d\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u76847\u79cd\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1.<mark>\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6<\/mark>\uff1a\u6700\u4e3a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u56fe\u50cf\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\uff0c\u5728<code>ls -l<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u7b26\u53f7<code>-<\/code>\uff08Regular file\uff09\u5f00\u5934<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2.<mark>\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6<\/mark>\uff1a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5728<code>ls -l<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u7b26\u53f7<code>d<\/code>\uff08Directory file\uff09\u5f00\u5934<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3.<mark>\u94fe\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6<\/mark>\uff1a\u94fe\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u6307\u5411\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u8f6f\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u7b26\u53f7\u94fe\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u4e0d\u5360\u7528\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u5b58\u50a8\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u5728<code>ls -l<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u7b26\u53f7<code>l<\/code>\uff08Link file\uff09\u5f00\u5934<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4.<mark>\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6<\/mark>\uff1a\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u4f20\u9012\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5728<code>ls -l<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u7b26\u53f7<code>p<\/code>\uff08Named pipe file\uff09\u5f00\u5934<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">5.<mark>\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6<\/mark>\uff1a\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u6307\u5411\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u786c\u76d8\u3001\u5149\u9a71\u7b49\uff0c\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u53ea\u80fd\u8bfb\u5199\u56fa\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5757\uff0c\u5728<code>ls -l<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u7b26\u53f7<code>b<\/code>\uff08Block device file\uff09\u5f00\u5934<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">6.<mark>\u5b57\u7b26\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6<\/mark>\uff1a\u5b57\u7b26\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u6307\u5411\u5b57\u7b26\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u952e\u76d8\u3001\u9f20\u6807\u3001\u7ec8\u7aef\u7b49\uff0c\u5b57\u7b26\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5728<code>ls -l<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u7b26\u53f7<code>c<\/code>\uff08Character device file\uff09\u5f00\u5934<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">7.<mark>\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u6587\u4ef6<\/mark>\uff1a\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\uff08\u7f51\u5361\uff09\uff0c\u5728<code>ls -l<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u7b26\u53f7<code>s<\/code>\uff08Socket file\uff09\u5f00\u5934<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u7b26\u53f7\u94fe\u63a5\u4e09\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b<mark>\u5360\u7528\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4<\/mark>\uff1b\u53e6\u5916\u56db\u79cd\uff08\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3001\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u7ba1\u9053\uff09\u662f<mark>\u4f2a\u6587\u4ef6<\/mark>\uff0c\u4e0d\u5360\u7528\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u91c7\u7528<mark>\u6811\u578b\u7ed3\u6784<\/mark>\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5176\u8868\u793a\u7b26\u53f7\u4e3a\u53cd\u659c\u6760\u201d\/\u201c\uff0c\u8865\u5145\uff1a\u5982\u201d\/a\/b\u201c\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u659c\u6760\u8868\u793a\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u8868\u793a\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u4ef6\u8be6\u7ec6\u56fe<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/8X_QRUJO77CRS63PMZA2.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"908\" height=\"322\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/8X_QRUJO77CRS63PMZA2.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-430\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 908px) 100vw, 908px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">passwd\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/VP8W8R88ZBBBGH1R38.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"705\" height=\"244\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/VP8W8R88ZBBBGH1R38.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-486\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 705px) 100vw, 705px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4e00\u7ea7\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\/bin\uff08binaries-\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\uff1a\u4e3b\u8981\u5b58\u653eLinux\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u76ee\u5f55\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982cd\u3001ls<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\/boot\uff08Bootloader files\uff09\uff1a\u5b58\u653e\u542f\u52a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 GRUB \u5f15\u5bfc\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c Linux \u5185\u6838\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\/dev\uff08devices-\u8bbe\u5907\uff09\uff1a\u5b58\u653e\u7684\u662fLinux\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\/dev\/input\/event0,\/dev\/input\/mouse0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\/etc\uff08et cetera-\u7701\u7565\uff09\uff1aLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u914d\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\/home\uff1a\u5305\u542b\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\/lib\uff08library-\u5e93\uff09\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u652f\u6301\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fd0\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\/mnt\uff08mount-\u6302\u8f7d\uff09\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u6302\u8f7d\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\/media\uff1a\u6302\u8f7d\u53ef\u79fb\u52a8\u8bbe\u5907\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 USB\u3001CD-ROM \u7b49\uff09\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\/opt\uff08Optional or third-party software\uff09\uff1a\u5b58\u653e\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 Oracle \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\/proc\uff08Process information and kernel configuration files\uff09\uff1a\u865a\u62df\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5b58\u653e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u548c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\/root\uff1a\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\/sbin\uff08System binaries for system administration tasks\uff09\uff1a\u5b58\u653e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 ifconfig\u3001fdisk \u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\/srv\uff08Data for services provided by the system\uff09\uff1a\u5b58\u653e\u672c\u5730\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7f51\u9875\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\/sys\uff08Virtual file system for kernel information\uff09\uff1a\u865a\u62df\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5b58\u653e\u7cfb\u7edf\u786c\u4ef6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\/tmp\uff08Temporary files\uff09\uff1a\u5b58\u653e\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\/user\uff08User home directories\uff09\uff1a\u5b58\u653e\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7528\u6237\u6587\u6863\u3001\u56fe\u7247\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\/var\uff08Variable data, such as logs, databases, and websites\uff09\uff1a\u5b58\u653e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u7f13\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u547d\u4ee4<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">cd<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">cd\u662f<mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-amber-color\">change directory<\/mark>\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\uff1a<mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u5207\u6362\u76ee\u5f55<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<code> cd \u76ee\u6807\u8def\u5f84<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\uff1acd ~ \uff08\u8fdb\u5165\u7528\u6237\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\uff09 cd . \uff08\u8fdb\u5165\u5f53\u524d\u8def\u5f84\uff09 cd .. \uff08\u8fdb\u5165\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\uff09 cd \u2013 \uff08\u56de\u5230\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b21\u64cd\u4f5c\u8def\u5f84\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">pwd<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">pwd\u662f<strong><code>Print Working Directory<\/code><\/strong>\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\uff1a<mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u6253\u5370\u5f53\u524d\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<code>pwd<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>mkdir<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<code>mkdir \u76ee\u5f55\u540d<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\uff1amkdir \u76ee\u5f55\u540d \u76ee\u5f55\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9009\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-p<\/code>\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u3002 \u5982<code>mkdir -p a\/b\/c <\/code>\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u521b\u5efaa\uff0c\u5728a\u4e2d\u521b\u5efab\uff0c\u5728b\u4e2d\u521b\u5efac\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-m<\/code>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u65b0\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982<code> mkdir -m 666 dir<\/code> \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u8bfb\u53ef\u5199\u4e0d\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6dir<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">rmdir<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u5220\u9664\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\u53ea\u80fd\u5220\u9664\u7a7a\u76ee\u5f55\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<code>rmdir \u76ee\u6807\u8def\u5f84<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9009\u9879\uff1a<code>-p<\/code> \u540c\u65f6\u5220\u9664\u591a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1armdir -p a\/b\/c\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u5fc5\u987b\u4e3a\u7a7a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">ls<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>ls \u76ee\u6807\u8def\u5f84\uff08\u67e5\u770b\u5355\u72ec\u76ee\u5f55\uff09<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>ls \u76ee\u6807\u8def\u5f841 \u76ee\u6807\u8def\u5f842 \u76ee\u6807\u8def\u5f843\uff08\u67e5\u770b\u591a\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\uff09<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9009\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-a<\/code>\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9690\u85cf\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-l<\/code>\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-i<\/code>\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u7f16\u53f7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-h<\/code>\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6362\u7b97\u6210\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5355\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u94fe\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1\u3001\u786c\u94fe\u63a5\uff08<mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u53ea\u80fd\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u94fe\u63a5\u76ee\u5f55<\/mark>\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a <code>ln \u6e90\u6587\u4ef6 \u751f\u6210\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8865\u5145\uff1a\u786c\u94fe\u63a5\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u7ed9\u6587\u4ef6\u53d6\u522b\u540d\uff0c\u5176inode\u53f7\u548c\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u4e5f\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u7269\u7406\u5b9e\u73b0\u662f\u5bf9\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u53d6\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u60f3\u5220\u9664\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a7a\u95f4\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u786c\u94fe\u63a5\u8fc7\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2\u3001\u8f6f\u94fe\u63a5\uff08<mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u76ee\u5f55\u64cd\u4f5c<\/mark>\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<code> ln -s \u6e90\u6587\u4ef6 \u751f\u6210\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8865\u5145\uff1a\u8f6f\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176inode\u53f7\u4e0e\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u5176\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u4e4b\u540e\u5c06\u4f1a\u53d6\u8be5\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5b58\u653e\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e0ec\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u65e0\u6cd5\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u521b\u5efa\u8f6f\u94fe\u63a5\u65f6\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u94fe\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6\u79fb\u52a8\u81f3\u5176\u4ed6\u76ee\u5f55\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u94fe\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u6539\u53d8\u800c\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6743\u9650\u7c7b\u578b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>r\uff1a\u8bfb\u53d6\u6743\u9650\uff08read\uff09<\/code> <code>w\uff1a\u5199\u5165\u6743\u9650\uff08write\uff09<\/code> <code>x\uff1a\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff08execute\uff09<\/code> <code>-\uff1a\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u5e94\u6743\u9650\uff08none\uff09<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6743\u9650\u4fee\u6539<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 <code>chmod<\/code> \u901a\u8fc7+\/-\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4fee\u6539\u6743\u9650<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>chmod<\/strong>\u547d\u4ee4\u662f<strong>Change Mode<\/strong>\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\uff1a<mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650&nbsp;<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528<code>ls -al<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/D4QKHAQ3UX0_MBJKF3X.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"703\" height=\"215\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/D4QKHAQ3UX0_MBJKF3X.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-593\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 703px) 100vw, 703px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/D4QKHAQ3UX0_MBJKF3X-1.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"703\" height=\"215\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/D4QKHAQ3UX0_MBJKF3X-1.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-594\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 703px) 100vw, 703px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>u\uff1a\u4e3b\u7528\u6237\uff08user\uff09<\/code> <code>g\uff1a\u540c\u7ec4\u7528\u6237\uff08group\uff09<\/code> <code>o\uff1a\u5176\u4ed6\u7ec4\u7528\u6237\uff08others\uff09<\/code> <code>a\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\uff08all users\uff09<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<code> chmod u+x 1.txt<\/code> \u4e3a\u4e3b\u7528\u6237\u8d4b\u4e88\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>chmod g-w 1.txt<\/code> \u5220\u9664\u540c\u7ec4\u7528\u6237\u5199\u5165\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>chmod ug+rw 1.txt<\/code> \u8d4b\u4e88\u4e3b\u7528\u6237\u548c\u540c\u7ec4\u7528\u6237\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165\u6743\u9650<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u7edd\u5bf9\u6743\u9650\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4fee\u6539<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<code>chmod \uff08\u6743\u9650\u516b\u8fdb\u5236\uff09 \u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6743\u9650\u516b\u8fdb\u5236\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/K_1UBV5WNIQ7_QA7P2E.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"569\" height=\"358\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/K_1UBV5WNIQ7_QA7P2E.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-426\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 569px) 100vw, 569px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u547d\u4ee4\u4e3a chmod 725 1.txt \u6216\u8005chmod 0725 1.txt(\u8fd9\u4e2a0\u662f\u516b\u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u610f\u601d)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u4e3b\u548c\u5c5e\u7ec4\u7684\u4fee\u6539<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u547d\u4ee4\uff1achown<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/D4QKHAQ3UX0_MBJKF3X-2.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"703\" height=\"215\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/D4QKHAQ3UX0_MBJKF3X-2.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-595\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 703px) 100vw, 703px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-green-cyan-color\">\u683c\u5f0f1\uff1a<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>chown<\/code> <code>\u6240\u6709\u8005\u540d\uff1a\u7ec4\u540d<\/code> <code>\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/code> \u2014\u2014<mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\u4fee\u6539\u3001\u7ec4\u540d\u4e5f\u4fee\u6539<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/2@T98THSDKX8C2HDO2C.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"463\" height=\"37\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/2@T98THSDKX8C2HDO2C.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-596\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 463px) 100vw, 463px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u547d\u4ee4\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/DRTH19GZVORX7MOYLQV.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"386\" height=\"27\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/DRTH19GZVORX7MOYLQV.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-597\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 386px) 100vw, 386px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\u8fd8\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u7ec4\uff0c\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u6210\u4e86root\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-green-cyan-color\">\u683c\u5f0f2\uff1a<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>chown<\/code> <code>\uff1a\u7ec4\u540d<\/code> <code>\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/code> \u2014\u2014<mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\u4e0d\u53d8\u3001\u7ec4\u540d\u4fee\u6539<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/8QQD4QV10V2BWPAC.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"494\" height=\"38\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/8QQD4QV10V2BWPAC.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-598\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 494px) 100vw, 494px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u547d\u4ee4\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/O9OOKWW@PW78QHFA3ZXXA.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"419\" height=\"24\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/O9OOKWW@PW78QHFA3ZXXA.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-599\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 419px) 100vw, 419px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\u6ca1\u6709\u53d8\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u7ec4\u6539\u53d8\u4e86<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-green-cyan-color\">\u683c\u5f0f3\uff1a<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>chown<\/code> <code>\u6240\u6709\u8005\u540d<\/code> <code>\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/code> \u2014\u2014<mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\u6539\u53d8\u3001\u7ec4\u540d\u4e0d\u53d8<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/8V101SCP6T@2JVP4R.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"515\" height=\"39\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/8V101SCP6T@2JVP4R.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-600\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 515px) 100vw, 515px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u547d\u4ee4\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/@13IL6MGS6A0EP93RZ5WV.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"416\" height=\"22\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/@13IL6MGS6A0EP93RZ5WV.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-601\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 416px) 100vw, 416px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\u53d8\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u7ec4\u6ca1\u6709\u53d8<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-green-cyan-color\">\u683c\u5f0f4\uff1a<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>chown<\/code> <code>\u6240\u6709\u8005\u540d<\/code>\uff1a <code>\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/code> \u2014\u2014<mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\u6539\u53d8\u3001\u7ec4\u540d\u8ddf\u968f\u6240\u6709\u8005\u6240\u5728\u7684\u7ec4\u6539\u53d8<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/FMB770YMG@5YC68NP.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"38\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/FMB770YMG@5YC68NP.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-602\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u547d\u4ee4\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/A0SMBDVXJVJJN4.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"380\" height=\"19\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/A0SMBDVXJVJJN4.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-603\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 380px) 100vw, 380px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\u8fd8\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u7ec4\uff0c\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u6210\u4e86root\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6839\u636e\u89c2\u5bdf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u60f3\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff0c\u5343\u4e07\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728<code>\uff1a<\/code>\u53f7\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u52a0\u4e86\u5192\u53f7\u5219\u4f1a\u8fde\u540c\u540e\u9762\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4\u4e00\u540c\u6539\u53d8<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6743\u9650\u63a9\u7801<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7cfb\u7edf\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u6743\u9650\u63a9\u7801\u4e3a002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u65b0\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650 = \u6ee1\u6743\u9650\uff08666\uff09 \u2013 \u6743\u9650\u63a9\u7801<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u65b0\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6743\u9650 = \u6ee1\u6743\u9650 \uff08777\uff09- \u6743\u9650\u63a9\u7801<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u65b0\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff1a664 \uff08110 110 100 <mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">\u5373\u4e3b\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u8bfb-\u53ef\u5199-\u4e0d\u53ef\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u53ef\u8bfb-\u53ef\u5199-\u4e0d\u53ef\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u8bfb-\u4e0d\u53ef\u5199-\u4e0d\u53ef\u6267\u884c<\/mark>\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u65b0\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff1a775 \uff08111 111 101<mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u5373\u4e3b\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u8bfb-\u53ef\u5199-\u53ef\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u53ef\u8bfb-\u53ef\u5199-\u53ef\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u8bfb-\u4e0d\u53ef\u5199-\u53ef\u6267\u884c <\/mark>\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ee1\u6743\u9650\u7531\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6ee1\u6743\u9650\u4e3a666\uff0c\u76ee\u5f55\u6743\u9650\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6ee1\u6743\u9650\u4e3a777<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u67e5\u770b\u6743\u9650\u63a9\u7801\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<code>umask<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/2JQNV05P1QPWN05DH1M.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"315\" height=\"37\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/2JQNV05P1QPWN05DH1M.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-606\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 315px) 100vw, 315px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5176\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a0\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u662f\u516b\u8fdb\u5236\uff0c002\u662f\u6743\u9650\u63a9\u7801<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6743\u9650\u63a9\u7801\uff1a<code>umask \u6743\u9650\u63a9\u7801<\/code> \uff08\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c<mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u8fd9\u662f\u4e34\u65f6\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7ec8\u7aef\u5173\u95ed\uff0c\u6743\u9650\u63a9\u7801\u5c06\u6062\u590d\u5230\u9ed8\u8ba4<\/mark>\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/M_E3NSIHRP7PXMG6VTY.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"377\" height=\"52\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/M_E3NSIHRP7PXMG6VTY.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-607\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 377px) 100vw, 377px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6743\u9650\u63a9\u7801\u786e\u5b9e\u4fee\u6539\u6210\u4e860004\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f93\u5165004\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6ca1\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f46\u662f\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec8\u7aef\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u6743\u9650\u63a9\u7801\u4f1a\u6062\u590d\u5230\u9ed8\u8ba4\u76840002\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/RFHQGWSU_UIVJA676.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"333\" height=\"32\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/RFHQGWSU_UIVJA676.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-608\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 333px) 100vw, 333px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u6743\u9650\u63a9\u7801\u6700\u597d\u4e0d\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u5947\u6570\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u4fee\u6b63\u6743\u9650\u63a9\u7801<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/MQ5L9WIWIFTCYSFM.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"641\" height=\"328\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/MQ5L9WIWIFTCYSFM.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-609\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 641px) 100vw, 641px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u9884\u671f\u76841.c\u7684665\u6743\u9650\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e86666\uff0c2.c\u9884\u671f\u6743\u9650\u4e3a663\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e86664\uff0c3.c\u9884\u671f\u6743\u9650661\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e86662 \u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c<mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u5f53\u6743\u9650\u63a9\u7801\u88ab\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e3a\u5947\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650 = \u6ee1\u6743\u9650-\u6743\u9650\u63a9\u7801+1<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">touch<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\uff08\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u4fee\u6539\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7528\u6cd5\uff1atouch \u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">cat<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>cat<\/code> <code>\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>cat<\/code> <code>\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef61<\/code> <code>&gt;<\/code> <code>\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef62<\/code> \u3010\u201c&gt;\u201d\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u5c06\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef61\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef62\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u662f\u8986\u76d6\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u201c&lt;\u201d\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u5c06\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u65b9\u5411\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>cat<\/code> <code>\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef61<\/code> <code>&gt;&gt;<\/code> <code>\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef62<\/code> \u3010\u201c&gt;&gt;\u201d\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u5c06\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef61\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef62\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u662f\u5728\u6587\u4ef62\u672b\u5c3e\u8ffd\u52a0\u3002\u201c&lt;&lt;\u201d\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u5c06\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u65b9\u5411\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark>\u8865\u5145\uff1a\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u7b26\u53f7\u5e76\u4e0d\u662fcat\u7684\u4e13\u5c5e\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u6709\u8f93\u51fa\u663e\u793a\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>cat<\/code> <code>&gt;<\/code> <code>\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6<\/code>\uff08\u7b49\u5f85\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u4fe1\u606f\u5199\u5165\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6,ctrl+c\u7ed3\u675f\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u522b\u5fd8\u4e86\u52a0\u56de\u8f66\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>cat<\/code> <code>&gt;&gt;<\/code> <code>\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6<\/code>\uff08\u7b49\u5f85\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u4fe1\u606f\u5199\u5165\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\uff0cctrl+c\u7ed3\u675f\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u522b\u5fd8\u4e86\u52a0\u56de\u8f66\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9009\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-E<\/code> \uff08show-ends\uff09 \u8868\u793a\u884c\u672b\u5c3e\u52a0\u4e0a$\u7b26\u53f7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-n<\/code> \uff08number\uff09 \u663e\u793a\u884c\u53f7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">mv<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u79fb\u52a8\u6216\u91cd\u547d\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u79fb\u52a8\u7528\u6cd5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>mv \u6587\u4ef6\u540d \u76ee\u5f55<\/code>\uff08\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<mark>\u76ee\u5f55\u5fc5\u987b\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u540d<\/mark>\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>mv \u76ee\u5f551 \u76ee\u5f552<\/code> \uff08\u5c06\u76ee\u5f551\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u76ee\u5f552\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<mark>\u76ee\u5f552\u5fc5\u987b\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u88ab\u5224\u5b9a\u4e3a\u66f4\u6539\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u540d\u5b57<\/mark>\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u7528\u6cd5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">mv \u6587\u4ef61 \u6587\u4ef62\uff08\u5c06\u6587\u4ef61\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef62\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<mark>\u82e5\u6587\u4ef62\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6587\u4ef61\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u8986\u76d6\u6587\u4ef62\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/mark>\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">mv \u76ee\u5f551 \u76ee\u5f552\uff08\u5c06\u76ee\u5f551\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u76ee\u5f552\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<mark>\u76ee\u5f552\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u5c06\u76ee\u5f551\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u76ee\u5f552\u4e2d<\/mark>\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9009\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-f<\/code> \uff08force\uff09 \u5f3a\u5236\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-v<\/code> \uff08verbose\uff09 \u63d0\u793a\u79fb\u52a8\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-i<\/code>\uff08interactive\uff09 \u8be2\u95ee\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">rm<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u5220\u9664<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">-r \u76ee\u6807\u76ee\u5f55 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u5220\u9664\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">cp<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u8005\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>cp \u6587\u4ef61 \u6587\u4ef62 <\/code>\uff08\u82e5\u6587\u4ef62\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6587\u4ef62\u4fe1\u606f\u88ab\u6587\u4ef61\u8986\u76d6\u3002\u82e5\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef62\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>cp \u6587\u4ef6 \u76ee\u5f55<\/code>\uff08\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<mark>\u5fc5\u987b\u5b58\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5c06\u76ee\u5f55\u9519\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u5e76\u521b\u5efa<\/mark>\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>cp -r \u76ee\u5f551 \u76ee\u5f552<\/code>\uff08\u76ee\u5f551\u53ca\u5176\u5b50\u6587\u4ef6\u5168\u90e8\u590d\u5236\u5230\u76ee\u5f552\u4e2d\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9009\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-i <\/code>\u8be2\u95ee\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">more<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u5206\u5c4f\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u6309\u7a7a\u683c\u4e0b\u4e00\u9875\u3001<code>ctrl+f<\/code>\u5f80\u4e0b\u3001 <code>ctrl+b<\/code>\u5f80\u4e0a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9009\u9879<code> -n <\/code>\u6bcf\u6b21\u663e\u793an\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a <code>more -10 1.c<\/code> \u8ba91.c\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6bcf\u6b21\u663e\u793a10\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">less<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u5206\u5c4f\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9009\u9879 <code>-M<\/code> \u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u663e\u793a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">head<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5934\u90e8\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u663e\u793a10\u884c\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9009\u9879<code> -n<\/code> \u663e\u793a\u5934\u90e8n\u884c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<code>head -5 1.c <\/code>\u663e\u793a1.c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u524d\u4e94\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">tail<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9009\u9879 <code>-n <\/code>\u663e\u793a\u5c3e\u90e8n\u884c\u9053\u5185\u5bb9 \uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 tail -5 1.c\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef61.c\u4e2d\u7684\u540e\u4e94\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">split<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u5206\u5272\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9009\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-b<\/code> \uff08bytes \u5b57\u8282\uff09 1000 1K 1M 1G\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u5272\u540e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5927\u5c0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-a<\/code>  \u540e\u7f00\u5e8f\u53f7\u7684\u4f4d\u6570<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-d<\/code>   \u8ddf\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<code>split \u6587\u4ef61.txt -b 5M -a 1 -d \u6587\u4ef6\u7247\u6bb5.txt<\/code>\uff08\u5c06\u6587\u4ef61.txt\u5206\u4e3a5M\u4e00\u4e2a\u90fd\u5c0f\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u4f4d\u6570\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">wc<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u8ba1\u6570<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7528\u6cd5\uff1awc \u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<code>\u884c\u6570 \u5355\u8bcd\u4e2a\u6570 \u5b57\u7b26\u603b\u6570 \u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">grep<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u641c\u7d22\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>grep \"\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\" \u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/code> \u5bfb\u627e\u542b\u6709\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>grep \"^\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\" \u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/code> \u5bfb\u627e\u4ee5\u8be5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>grep \"\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32$\"<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u540d \u5bfb\u627e\u4ee5\u8be5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>grep \"^\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32$\"<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u540d \u5bfb\u627e\u53ea\u6709\u8be5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9009\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-n<\/code> \u663e\u793a\u884c\u53f7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-i<\/code> \u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8865\u5145\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u901a\u8fc7 <code>[]<\/code>\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a<code>[]<\/code>\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982<code>grep \"s[ae]\" 1.c<\/code>\u4ee3\u8868sa\u5f00\u5934\u6216\u8005se\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/0RMWQ1PP9W3YTD9SR.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"649\" height=\"101\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/0RMWQ1PP9W3YTD9SR.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-614\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 649px) 100vw, 649px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>[^]<\/code>\u53cd\u5411\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u641c\u7d22\u4e00\u4e2a\u542b\u6709h\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u60f3\u8fd9\u4e2ah\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u662fa\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<code>grep \"[^a]h\" 1.c<\/code> \u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u6210\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a<code>[^0-9a-z]<\/code>,\u8fd9\u4f1a\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u6392\u96640\uff0c1\uff0c2\u2026\u20269\u548ca\uff0cb\u2026\u2026z<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u901a\u5e38<code>*<\/code>\uff08\u91cd\u590d\u96f6\u4e2a\u6216\u8005\u591a\u4e2a\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff09\u548c<code>.<\/code>\uff08\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff09\u5177\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5982\u679c\u5e0c\u671b\u9009\u4e2d\u540d\u5b57\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728<code>.<\/code>\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528<code>\\.<\/code>\u6765\u53bb\u6389\u5176\u7279\u6b8a\u542b\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u63a8\u8350\u5728grep\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u201d\u53f7\u6216\u8005\u2018\u2019\u53f7\u5f15\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5199\u7b26\u53f7\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u65e0\u6cd5\u8f6c\u4e49\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u6709<code>a.c<\/code> <code>ea.c<\/code> <code>axc<\/code> \u4e09\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c<code>ls | grep a.c<\/code>\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u4e09\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u672c\u610f\u662f\u663e\u793a<code>.<\/code>\u800c\u975e\u4efb\u610f\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6309\u7406\u6765\u8bf4\u8981\u4f7f\u7528<code>\\.<\/code>\u6765\u8f6c\u4e49\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5199\u7b26\u53f7<code> ls | grep a\\.c<\/code>\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4f9d\u65e7\u662f\u4e09\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u7b26\u53f7<code>ls | grep \"a\\.c\"<\/code>\u624d\u80fd\u8ba9\u8f6c\u4e49\u7b26\u53f7<code>\\<\/code>\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u662f<code>a.c<\/code>\u548c<code>ea.c<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">cut<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u6309\u5217\u53bb\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<code> cut -d \u2018\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u2019 -f \u76ee\u6807\u5217 \u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-d <\/code>\uff08delimiter \u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff09\u6307\u5b9a\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff08\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\u9762\u5fc5\u987b\u5b58\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-f<\/code> \uff08fields \u5b57\u6bb5\uff09 \u6307\u5b9a\u67e5\u770b\u54ea\u4e00\u5217<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5217\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528-\uff0c\u6bd4\u59821-4\u5c31\u662f1\u52304\u5217<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">cmp<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9 \uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u76f8\u540c\u6ca1\u6709\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u540c\u8f93\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7528\u6cd5 <code>cmp \u6587\u4ef61 \u6587\u4ef62<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">find<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u4ee5\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u67e5\u627e\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a <code>find \u76ee\u6807\u76ee\u5f55 \u67e5\u627e\u89c4\u5219 \u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9009\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-name<\/code> \u6309\u7167\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u67e5\u627e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-size<\/code> \u6309\u7167\u5927\u5c0f\u67e5\u627e\uff08c,k,M,G,T\u2014\u2014\u5b57\u8282\u3001KB\u3001MB\u3001GB\u3001TB\uff09+5M\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4e8e5M\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c-3M\u4ee3\u8868\u5c0f\u4e8e3M\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e0d\u5199\u7b26\u53f7\u4ee3\u8868\u7b49\u4e8e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-user<\/code> \u6309\u7167\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u4e3b\u67e5\u627e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-group<\/code> \u6309\u7167\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u7ec4\u67e5\u627e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-perm<\/code> \u6309\u7167\u6587\u4ef6\u7edd\u5bf9\u6743\u9650\u67e5\u627e\uff08\u516b\u8fdb\u5236\u53c2\u80033.6.2.1\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-and<\/code> \u6761\u4ef6\u53d6\u4e0e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 <code>find .\/ -user zhangsan -and -name a.c<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-or<\/code> \u6761\u4ef6\u53d6\u6216 \uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 <code>find .\/ -name root -or -size +1k<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-not<\/code> \u6761\u4ef6\u53d6\u53cd,\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982<code> find .\/ -not -name \"*.c\"<\/code> \u67e5\u8be2\u4e0d\u4ee5*.c\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">vim\u7f16\u8f91\u5668<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">vi\u662fLinux\u4e2d\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">vim\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark>\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f<\/mark>\uff1avi\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u547d\u4ee4\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u63a7\u5236\u5149\u6807\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u590d\u5236\uff0c\u7c98\u8d34\uff0c\u67e5\u627e\u7b49\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark>\u63d2\u5165\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<\/mark>\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u8be5\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u8f93\u5165\u5b57\u7b26<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark>\u5e95\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f<\/mark>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u9000\u51fa\u3001\u4fdd\u5b58\u7b49<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e0d\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5207\u6362<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/0YX86I16CY4K247CXOKZ8.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1138\" height=\"625\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/0YX86I16CY4K247CXOKZ8.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-476\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1138px) 100vw, 1138px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>A<\/code> \u5728\u5f53\u524d\u884c\u7684\u884c\u672b\u63d2\u5165 <code>a<\/code>\u5728\u5149\u6807\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u63d2\u5165<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>I<\/code> \u5728\u5f53\u524d\u884c\u7684\u884c\u9996\u4f4d\u7f6e\u63d2\u5165 <code>i <\/code>\u5728\u5149\u6807\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u63d2\u5165<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>O<\/code> \u5728\u5f53\u524d\u884c\u548c\u4e0a\u4e00\u884c\u4e4b\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u65b0\u7684\u4e00\u884c <code>o<\/code> \u5728\u5f53\u524d\u884c\u548c\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\u4e4b\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u65b0\u7684\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u56de\u8f66<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/HSPFTWXGO3@9JHOJVPN26.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"599\" height=\"540\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/HSPFTWXGO3@9JHOJVPN26.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-508\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, 599px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e0d\u540c\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u547d\u4ee4\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><code>yy<\/code> \u4f5c\u7528\uff1a<\/mark>\u590d\u5236\u5149\u6807\u6240\u5728\u7684\u4e00\u884c\uff08yank\u7b80\u5199\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/05VUILQE1G@RQC9HXI.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"230\" height=\"210\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/05VUILQE1G@RQC9HXI.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-617\"\/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><code>p<\/code> \u4f5c\u7528<\/mark>\uff1a\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u884c\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\u7c98\u8d34<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/6R4ILDB0EPC@UD8R5AC6.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"216\" height=\"226\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/6R4ILDB0EPC@UD8R5AC6.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-618\"\/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5728\u7b2c\u516b\u884c\u4f7f\u7528p\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6548\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/CFDL63Z5OH1MVEOJ288U3.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"252\" height=\"236\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/CFDL63Z5OH1MVEOJ288U3.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-619\"\/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><code>nyy<\/code> \u4f5c\u7528<\/mark>\uff1a\u590d\u5236\u5149\u6807\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u5411\u540e\u7684n\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u6211\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u4f7f\u75285yy\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ed6\u4f1a\u590d\u5236\u4ecea\u5f00\u59cb\u52305\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/R4LVYWQ_EQEQY9DLPCO.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"278\" height=\"213\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/R4LVYWQ_EQEQY9DLPCO.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-620\"\/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><code>dd<\/code> \u4f5c\u7528\uff1a<\/mark>\u526a\u5207<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><code>ndd<\/code> <\/mark>\u4f5c\u7528\u526a\u5207n\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\"><code>u<\/code> <\/mark>\u64a4\u9500<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><code>gg<\/code> <\/mark>\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">G <\/mark><\/code>\u5149\u6807\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><code>nG<\/code> <\/mark>\u6216\u8005<mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\"> <code>ngg<\/code> <\/mark>\u5149\u6807\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u7b2cn\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\"><code>x<\/code> <\/mark>\u5220\u9664\u5149\u6807\u524d\u9762\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/4KJMKJ4G6Q1LRCAVTKC8S.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"345\" height=\"198\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/4KJMKJ4G6Q1LRCAVTKC8S.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-621\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 345px) 100vw, 345px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5e95\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>w<\/code> \u4fdd\u5b58<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>q<\/code> \u9000\u51fa<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>wq<\/code> \u6216\u8005 <code>x<\/code> \u6216\u8005\u5feb\u6377\u952e <code>shift+z+z<\/code> \u4fdd\u5b58\u9000\u51fa<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>\uff01<\/code>\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>wqa<\/code> \u4fdd\u5b58\u5e76\u9000\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>vsp \u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/code> \u4ee5\u5de6\u53f3\u5206\u5c4f\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>sp <\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u540d \u4e0a\u4e0b\u5206\u5c4f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>\/\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/code> \u67e5\u627e\u6307\u5b9a\u5185\u5bb9\uff08n\u8df3\u8f6c\u4e0b\u4e00\u5904\u88ab\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0cN\u4e0a\u4e00\u5904\u88ab\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>noh<\/code> \u53d6\u6d88\u9ad8\u4eae\u663e\u793a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>set number<\/code> \u663e\u793a\u884c\u53f7 \u7f29\u5199 <code>set nu<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>no set number<\/code> \u9690\u85cf\u884c\u53f7 \u7f29\u5199 <code>set nonu<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>s\/\u76ee\u6807\u5b57\u7b26\/\u6240\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u5b57\u7b26<\/code> \u4f8b\u5982\uff1as\/a\/b \u5c06\u5149\u6807\u6240\u5728\u7684\u884c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2aa\u66ff\u6362\u6210b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>\u8d77\u59cb\u884c\u53f7\uff0c\u7ed3\u675f\u884c\u53f7s\/\u76ee\u6807\u5b57\u7b26\/\u6240\u66ff\u6362\u5b57\u7b26<\/code> \u4f8b\u5982 1,5s\/a\/b \u5c061\u52305\u884c\u7684\u6bcf\u884c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5904a\u66ff\u6362\u4e3ab<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>\u8d77\u59cb\u884c\u53f7\uff0c\u7ed3\u675f\u884c\u53f7s\/\u76ee\u6807\u5b57\u7b26\/\u6240\u66ff\u6362\u5b57\u7b26\/g<\/code> \u4f8b\u5982 1,5s\/a\/b\/g \u5c061\u52305\u884c\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684a\u90fd\u66ff\u6362\u6210b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>%s\/\u76ee\u6807\u5b57\u7b26\/\u6240\u66ff\u6362\u5b57\u7b26\/g<\/code> \u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5b57\u7b26\u90fd\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5e0c\u671b\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u4f8b\u5982%s\/a\/b\/g \u5c06\u6240\u6709\u7684a\u90fd\u66ff\u6362\u6210b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6253\u5305\u548c\u538b\u7f29<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Linux\u4e2d\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u7f00\uff1a<code>.gz<\/code> <code>.bz2<\/code> <code>.xz<\/code> \u538b\u7f29\u547d\u4ee4\u5206\u522b\u662f <code>gzip<\/code> <code>bzip2<\/code> <code>xz<\/code> \u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u538b\u7f29\u901f\u5ea6\u9010\u6e10\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u538b\u7f29\u7387\u9010\u6e10\u589e\u9ad8<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u538b\u7f29\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u538b\u7f29\u76ee\u5f55\u9700\u8981\u5148\u8fdb\u884c\u6253\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u89e3\u538b\u548c\u538b\u7f29<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">gzip \u6587\u4ef6\u540d \uff08\u751f\u6210\u6587\u4ef6\u540d.gz\uff09 \u89e3\u538b gunzip \u6587\u4ef6\u540d.gz<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">bzip2 \u6587\u4ef6\u540d \uff08\u751f\u6210\u6587\u4ef6\u540d.bz2\uff09\u89e3\u538b bunzip2 \u6587\u4ef6\u540d.bz2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">xz \u6587\u4ef6\u540d \uff08\u751f\u6210\u6587\u4ef6\u540d.xz\uff09\u89e3\u538b unxz \u6587\u4ef6\u540d.xz<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5bf9\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u538b\u7f29<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">tar \u6253\u5305\u548c\u89e3\u5305<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u76ee\u5f55\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u5148\u6253\u5305\u624d\u80fd\u538b\u7f29<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6253\u5305\uff1a<code>tar -cvf \u76ee\u6807\u5305(*.tar) \u6e90\u5305\u6216\u76ee\u5f55<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u89e3\u5305\uff1a<code>tar -xvf \u6e90\u5305(*.tar)<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9009\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-c<\/code> \uff08create\uff09 \u5f52\u6863\uff08\u6253\u5305\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-v<\/code> \uff08verbose\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\uff09\u663e\u793a\u6253\u5305\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-x<\/code> \uff08extract\u63d0\u53d6\uff09\u89e3\u5305<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-f<\/code> \uff08file\uff09\u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u5b57<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-z<\/code> \u4ee5gzip\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u538b\u7f29<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-j<\/code> \u4ee5bzip2\u65b9\u5f0f\u538b\u7f29<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-J<\/code> \u4ee5xz\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u538b\u7f29<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-C<\/code> \uff08directory\uff09\u6307\u5b9a\u62c6\u5305\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<code>c<\/code>\u548c<code>v<\/code>\u7684\u9009\u9879\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u610f\uff0c\u4f46\u662ff\u5fc5\u987b\u653e\u5728\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3af\u540e\u9762\u5fc5\u987b\u8ddf\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6253\u5305\u548c\u538b\u7f29\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4f7f\u7528gzip\u65b9\u5f0f\u538b\u7f29\/\u89e3\u538b\u76ee\u5f55<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6253\u5305\uff1a<code>tar -zcvf \u76ee\u6807\u5305\uff08*.tar.gz\uff09 \u6e90\u5305<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u62c6\u5305\uff1a<code>tar -zxvf \u6e90\u5305\uff08*.tar.gz\uff09<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4f7f\u7528bzip2\u65b9\u5f0f\u538b\u7f29\/\u89e3\u538b\u76ee\u5f55<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6253\u5305\uff1a<code>tar -Jcvf \u76ee\u6807\u5305\uff08*.tar.bz2\uff09 \u6e90\u5305<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u62c6\u5305\uff1a<code>tar -Jxvf \u6e90\u5305\uff08*.tar.bz2\uff09<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4f7f\u7528xz\u65b9\u5f0f\u538b\u7f29\/\u89e3\u538b\u76ee\u5f55<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6253\u5305\uff1a<code>tar -jcvf \u76ee\u6807\u5305\uff08*.tar.xz\uff09 \u6e90\u5305<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u62c6\u5305\uff1a<code>tar -jxvf \u6e90\u5305\uff08*.tar.xz\uff09<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u5f0f\u89e3\u538b\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e07\u80fd\u89e3\u538b\u65b9\u5f0f\u62c6\u5305\uff1a<code>tar -xvf \u6e90\u5305<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6307\u5b9a\u62c6\u5305\u8def\u5f84<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>tar -xvf \u6e90\u5305 -C \u8def\u5f84<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7f51\u7edc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7f51\u7edc\u76f8\u5173\u6982\u5ff5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/N_FBGZ4U4GCEIH2O9P.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"616\" height=\"299\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/N_FBGZ4U4GCEIH2O9P.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-701\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 616px) 100vw, 616px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark>MAC \u5730\u5740<\/mark>\uff1a(\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684HWaddr)\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4e5f\u53eb\u505a\u786c\u4ef6\u5730\u5740\u3002\u7528\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u3002MAC\u5730\u5740\u662f\u7f51\u5361\u662f\u53ea\u8bfb\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u66f4\u6539\u7684\uff0c\u91c7\u752816\u8fdb\u5236\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u957f\u5ea6\u662f6\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0848bit\uff09\u3002\u5206\u4e3a\u524d24\u4f4d\u548c\u540e24\u4f4d\uff0c\u524d24\u4f4d\u7531IEEE\u51b3\u5b9a\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u540e24\u4f4d\u7531\u5382\u5546\u5b9a\u5236<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark>IP\u5730\u5740\uff1a<\/mark> \uff08\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684inet addr\uff09\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u7535\u8111\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u5206\u4e3aipv4\uff08\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684inet addr\uff09\u548cipv6\uff08\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684inet6 addr\uff09.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ipv4\u662f4\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c32bit<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ipv6\u662f16\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c128bit<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">ipv4\u5730\u5740<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1.\u4f7f\u7528\u70b9\u5206\u7528\u5341\u8fdb\u5236<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2.\u5b83\u662f\u8bc6\u522b\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3.IP\u5730\u5740\u7531 <code>\u7f51\u7edc\u53f7<\/code> \u548c <code>\u4e3b\u673a\u53f7<\/code> \u7ec4\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">ip\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5206\u7c7b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A\u7c7b\uff1a\u7f51\u7edc\u53f7\u5360\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u4e3b\u673a\u53f7\u5360\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d\u56fa\u5b9a\u662f0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u7c7b\uff1a\u7f51\u7edc\u53f7\u5360\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u4e3b\u673a\u53f7\u5360\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d\u56fa\u5b9a\u662f10<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u7c7b\uff1a\u7f51\u7edc\u53f7\u5360\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u4e3b\u673a\u53f7\u5360\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e3a110<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u7c7b\u548cE\u7c7b\uff1a\u4e0d\u5e38\u7528<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5212\u5206\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><\/td><td>\u7f51\u7edc\u53f7<\/td><td>\u4e3b\u673a\u53f7<\/td><td>\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d<\/td><td>\u8303\u56f4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A\u7c7b<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>3<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0~127<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>B\u7c7b<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>10<\/td><td>128~191<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>C\u7c7b<\/td><td>3<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>110<\/td><td>192~223<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D\u7c7b<\/td><td>\u7ec4\u64ad<\/td><td>\u7ec4\u64ad<\/td><td>1110<\/td><td>224~239<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E\u7c7b<\/td><td>\u9884\u7559\uff0c\u672a\u4f7f\u7528<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\uff08\u5728\u56fe\u4e2d\u4e3aBcast\uff09\uff1a\u7f51\u6bb5+\u6700\u5927\u6570<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<code>78.8.8.8<\/code> \u5e7f\u64ad\u4e3a<code>78.255.255.255<\/code> \u56e0\u4e3a78\u662fA\u7c7b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7f51\u6bb5\u4e3a78\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u90fd\u662f255<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff08\u5728\u56fe\u4e2d\u662fMask\uff09\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4eceip\u4e2d\u5206\u79bb\u51fa\u7f51\u7edc\u53f7\uff08\u4e5f\u95f4\u63a5\u5206\u79bb\u51fa\u4e86\u4e3b\u673a\u53f7\uff09\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a192.168.1.1\uff081100 0000 1010 1000 0000 0001 0000 0001\uff09\uff0c\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u662f\uff081111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 0000 0000\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u53d6\u4e0e\uff08&amp;\uff09,\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5c31\u662f\uff081100 0000 1010 1000 0000 0001 0000 0001 0000 0000\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c31\u662f192.168.1.1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u53f7192.168.1.0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u8868\u8fbe\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark>\u70b9\u5206\u5341\u8fdb\u5236<\/mark>\uff1a\u6bd4\u5982 <code>255.255.255.0<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728ip\u540e\u9762\u52a0\u4e0a\/:\u6bd4\u5982 <code>192.168.1.0\/26<\/code> \u5176\u4e2d26\u4ee3\u8868\u7f51\u7edc\u53f7\u670926\u4f4d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1.\u7f51\u7edc\u53f7\u5e76\u975e\u4e25\u683c\u6309\u7167ABC\u4e09\u7c7b\u5b9e\u884c8\u300116\u300124\u4f4d\u5212\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u5b50\u7f51\u5212\u5206\u7b49\u6280\u672f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7531\u4e8eipv4\u7684\u77ed\u7f3a\uff0c\u5b50\u7f51\u5212\u5206\u6280\u672f\u7531\u6b64\u8bde\u751f\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8ip\u7684\u5229\u7528\u7387\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u53f8\u7f51\u7edc\u53f7\u4e3a192.168.1\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u6700\u5927\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bb9\u7eb3254\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\uff08\u6392\u9664\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740192.168.1.0\u548c\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740192.168.1.255\uff09,\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fd9\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8\u6700\u591a\u53ea\u670950\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u4f1a\u6709204\u4e2aip\u88ab\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2.\u5982\u4f55\u5212\u5206\u7f51\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c<mark>\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u662f\u4e00\u4e32\u8fde\u7eed\u76841\u6216\u80050<\/mark>\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1100 0000\uff08\u6b63\u786e\u683c\u5f0f\uff09 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 0011 0000\uff08\u4e0d\u8fde\u7eed\uff0c\u9519\u8bef\u683c\u5f0f\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5047\u8bbe\u6709\u4e00\u4e2ac\u7c7b\u7f51\u7edc\u53f7\uff0c<code>192.168.1<\/code>\uff0c\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u5c06\u5176\u5212\u5206\u4e3a27\u4f4d\u7f51\u7edc\u53f7\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5360\u7528\u4e3b\u673a\u53f7\u4e09\u4f4d\uff0c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u5c31\u662f<code>255.255.255.224<\/code>\uff081111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1110 0000\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u8fd9\u5176\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f51\u6bb5\u5462\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u770b\u4e3b\u673a\u53f7\u7684\u524d\u4e09\u4f4d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4e94\u4f4d\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5982\u4f55\u53d8\u5316\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab0\u4e0e\u4e4b\u540e\u53d8\u4e3a0 \u3002\u800c\u524d\u4e09\u4f4d\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u67092^3\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u53738\u79cd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6700\u540e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5212\u5206\u51fa\u516b\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f51\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5212\u5206\u51fa8\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u53f7\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">192.168.1.0\/27 \uff081100 0000 1010 1000 0000 0001 0000 0000\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">192.168.1.32\/27 \uff081100 0000 1010 1000 0000 0001 0010 0000\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">192.168.1.64\/27\uff081100 0000 1010 1000 0000 0001 0100 0000\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">192.168.1.96\/27\uff081100 0000 1010 1000 0000 0001 0110 0000\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">192.168.1.128\/27 \uff081100 0000 1010 1000 0000 0001 1000 0000\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">192.168.1.160\/27 \uff081100 0000 1010 1000 0000 0001 1010 0000\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">192.168.1.192\/27 \uff081100 0000 1010 1000 0000 0001 1100 0000\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">192.168.1.224\/27\uff081100 0000 1010 1000 0000 0001 1110 0000\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7f51\u5173<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7f51\u5173\uff08Gateway\uff09\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u8bbe\u5907\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0d\u540c\u7f51\u7edc\u6216\u534f\u8bae\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u53d1\u548c\u5904\u7406\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b9e\u73b0\u7f51\u7edc\u4e92\u8fde\uff0c\u662f\u6700\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4e92\u8fde\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u4e24\u4e2a\u9ad8\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4e92\u8fde\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7f51\u5173\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u534f\u8bae\u8f6c\u6362<\/mark>\uff1a\u7f51\u5173\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u534f\u8bae\u3001\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\u6216\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u5145\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5668\u3002<br><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9<\/mark>\uff1a\u7f51\u5173\u53ef\u4ee5\u51b3\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5e94\u8be5\u901a\u8fc7\u54ea\u6761\u8def\u5f84\u6216\u54ea\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u53d1\u9001\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4ece\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u4f20\u9001\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u3002<br><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406<\/mark>\uff1a\u7f51\u5173\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6536\u5230\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u65b0\u6253\u5305\uff0c\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u76ee\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edcA\u548cB\uff0c\u7f51\u7edcA\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u8303\u56f4\u4e3a\u201c192.168.1.1~192.168.1.254\u201d\uff0c\u7f51\u7edcB\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u8303\u56f4\u4e3a\u201c192.168.2.1~192.168.2.254\u201d\u3002\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fdb\u884cTCP\/IP\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u3002\u800c\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u5219\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u5173\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7f51\u7edcA\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u53d1\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0d\u5728\u672c\u5730\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u628a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9\u5b83\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7f51\u5173\uff0c\u518d\u7531\u7f51\u5173\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9\u7f51\u7edcB\u7684\u7f51\u5173\uff0c\u7f51\u7edcB\u7684\u7f51\u5173\u518d\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9\u7f51\u7edcB\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7f51\u5173\u5c31\u662f\u8ba9\u4e3b\u673a\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4e0d\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0b\u4e3b\u673a\u901a\u4fe1\u6bb5\u4e2d\u95f4\u5546<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">DNS<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">DNS\uff08Domain Name System\uff0c\u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09\u662f\u56e0\u7279\u7f51\u4e0a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57df\u540d\u548cIP\u5730\u5740\u76f8\u4e92\u6620\u5c04\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u7528\u6237\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u7528\u53bb\u8bb0\u4f4f\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u673a\u5668\u76f4\u63a5\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684IP\u6570\u4e32\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5f97\u5230\u8be5\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53eb\u505a\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790\uff08\u6216\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u89e3\u6790\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5206\u5e03\u5728internet\u4e0a\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u4fe1\u606f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0ip\u5730\u5740\u548c\u57df\u540d\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u6362<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">DHCP<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">DHCP\uff08Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u4e3b\u673a\u914d\u7f6e\u534f\u8bae\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u96c6\u4e2d\u5bf9\u7528\u6237IP\u5730\u5740\u8fdb\u884c\u52a8\u6001\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u5206\u914dIP\u5730\u5740\u3001\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u3001\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173\u3001DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7b49\u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u7ed9\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7f51\u7edc\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">ifconfig<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1.\u67e5\u8be2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>ifconfig<\/code> \u67e5\u8be2\u6240\u6709\u7f51\u5361\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>ifconfig \u8bbe\u5907\u540d<\/code> \u53ea\u67e5\u8be2\u6307\u5b9a\u7f51\u5361\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2.\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7f51\u5361<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bbe\u7f6eip\u5730\u5740\uff1a <code>ifconfig \u7f51\u5361\u8bbe\u5907\u540d ip\u5730\u5740<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\uff1a<code>ifconfig \u7f51\u5361\u8bbe\u5907\u540d netmask \u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\uff1a<code>ifconfig \u7f51\u5361\u8bbe\u5907\u540d broadcast \u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\u610f\u53ea\u662f\u4e34\u65f6\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3.\u542f\u52a8\u548c\u5173\u95ed\u7f51\u5361<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7981\u7528\u7f51\u5361 \uff1a<code> ifconfig \u7f51\u5361\u8bbe\u5907\u540d down<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u542f\u7528\u7f51\u5361 \uff1a <code>ifconfig \u7f51\u5361\u8bbe\u5907\u540d up<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">ping<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7f51\u7edc\u68c0\u6d4b \uff1a<code>ping<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>service network-manager stop<\/code> \u505c\u6b62\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>service network-manager start<\/code> \u6253\u5f00\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>service network-manager restart<\/code> \u91cd\u542f\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u5378\u8f7d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">debian\u5206\u652f\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\u540e\u7f00\u4e3a.deb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">red hat\u5206\u652f\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\u540e\u7f00\u4e3a.rpm<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5728\u7ebf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u5378\u8f7d\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>apt-get <\/code>\u5728\u7ebf\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u68c0\u67e5\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u5e76\u4e00\u8d77\u4e0b\u8f7d\u4e0b\u6765<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u51c6\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1.ubuntu\u8054\u7f51\uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u7f51\u7edc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2.\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b89\u88c5\u6e90\uff1a\/etc\/apt\/sources.list<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3.apt-get update \u66f4\u65b0\u6e90<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5b89\u88c5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f \uff1a<code>sudo apt-get install \u8f6f\u4ef6\u540d<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4f8b\u5b50 sl\uff08\u5c0f\u706b\u8f66\uff09 cmatrix\uff08\u4ee3\u7801\u96e8\uff09bastet\uff08\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u65b9\u5757\uff09oneko\uff08\u8ffd\u9010\u9f20\u6807\u7684\u732b\uff09frozen-bubble\uff08\u6ce1\u6ce1\u9f99\uff09openssh-server\uff08\u8fdc\u7a0b\u94fe\u63a5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5378\u8f7d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5378\u8f7d\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff1a<code>sudo apt-get remove \u8f6f\u4ef6\u540d<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e0b\u8f7d\u4e0d\u5b89\u88c5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>sudo apt-get domnload \u8f6f\u4ef6\u540d\u5b57<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u67e5\u770b\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>apt list --installed<\/code> \u5217\u51fa\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528 <code>apt list --installed | grep \u8f6f\u4ef6\u540d<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>dpkg-query -l<\/code> \u5217\u51faubuntu\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6 \u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528 <code>dpkg-query -l | grep \u8f6f\u4ef6\u540d<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u79bb\u7ebf\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">dpkg\uff1a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u68c0\u67e5\u4f9d\u8d56\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>sudo dpkg -i \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u540d<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>sudo dpkg -l \u8f6f\u4ef6\u540d<\/code> \u663e\u793a\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u7248\u672c\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>sudo dpkg -P \u8f6f\u4ef6\u540d<\/code> \u5b8c\u5168\u5378\u8f7d\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">shell\u811a\u672c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Shell\u811a\u672c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u811a\u672c\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd0\u884c\u5728Unix\/Linux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684Shell\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u3002Shell\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u7b49\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6267\u884c\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u6216\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u5176\u4ed6Shell\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u6216\u8005\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u811a\u672c\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">shell\u811a\u672c\u6709\u7740\u8f83\u4e3a\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u8bd1\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u3002\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u9010\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u9010\u884c\u89e3\u91ca\uff08\u6216\u6267\u884c\uff09\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5176\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u4ee5<code>.sh<\/code>\u7ed3\u5c3e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4f7f\u7528<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1.shell\u811a\u672c\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u683c\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#!\/bin\/bash\n#shell\u811a\u672c\u901a\u5e38\u4ee5\u4e00\u884c\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6ce8\u91ca\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u5934\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u544a\u8bc9\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e94\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u79cd\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u6267\u884c\n \nmkdir .\/\n#shell\u811a\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u5176\u4ed6Shell\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u6216\u8005\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u811a\u672c\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2.\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/*\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6 1.sh\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u79cd\u6267\u884c\u65b9\u5f0f*\/\n \n\/*\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f1a\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5b50Shell\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u811a\u672c\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u73af\u5883\u66f4\u6539\u90fd\u53ea\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u8be5\u5b50Shell\u4e2d\uff0c\u811a\u672c\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u73af\u5883\u66f4\u6539\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u7236Shell\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6267\u884c\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u5fc5\u987b\u5177\u6709\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650*\/\n.\/1.sh   \n \n\/*\u8fd9\u79cd\u6267\u884c\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u4e0a\u4e00\u79cd\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6587\u4ef6\u5177\u6709\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650*\/\nbash 1.sh   \n \n\/*\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f1a\u5728\u5f53\u524dShell\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u65b0\u7684\u5b50Shell\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u73af\u5883\u66f4\u6539\u90fd\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u5f53\u524dShell\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u811a\u672c\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5f53\u524dShell\u4e2d\u8bbf\u95ee\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\u3002*\/\nsource 1.sh<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">shell\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1\u3001\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\uff1aShell\u652f\u6301\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u79cd\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">variable\u662f\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\uff0cvalue\u662f\u8d4b\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u3002\u4f46\u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b58\u653e\u7684\u503c\u90fd\u662f<mark>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/mark>,\u5e76\u4e14<mark>\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u3001\u7b49\u4e8e\u53f7\u548c\u503c\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e0d\u53ef\u6dfb\u52a0\u7a7a\u683c<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\nvariable=value \n\/*\u5982\u679cvalue\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u4efb\u4f55\u7a7a\u767d\u7b26\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u7a7a\u683c\u3001Tab\u7f29\u8fdb\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u5f15\u53f7\u3002*\/\n\/\/\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\nname=John\n\/*\u8fd9\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cfname\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u503c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3aJohn\u3002*\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\nvariable='value'\n\/*\u5355\u5f15\u53f7' '\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5b57\u7b26\u90fd\u4f1a\u539f\u6837\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u65e0\u6548\u7684\u3002*\/\n\/\/\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\ngreeting='Hello, $name'\n\/*\u8fd9\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cfgreeting\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u503c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3aHello, $name\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684$name\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u66ff\u6362\u4e3aname\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u88ab\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\u5305\u56f4\u4e86\u3002*\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\nvariable=\"value\"\n\/*\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\" \"\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u51fa\u73b0\u8f6c\u4e49\u5b57\u7b26\u3002*\/\n\/\/\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\ngreeting=\"Hello, $name\"\n\/*\u8fd9\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cfgreeting\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u503c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3aHello, $name\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684$name\u4f1a\u88ab\u66ff\u6362\u4e3aname\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u88ab\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u5305\u56f4\u4e86\u3002*\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u5219\uff1a\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u5b57\u6bcd\uff08\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u654f\u611f\uff09\u3001\u6570\u5b57\u548c\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf_\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u5176\u4ed6\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee5\u6570\u5b57\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u6570\u5b57\u3002\u4e0d\u8981\u4f7f\u7528Shell\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff08\u4f8b\u5982if\u3001then\u3001else\u3001fi\u3001for\u3001while\u7b49\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u5f15\u8d77\u6df7\u6dc61234\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u8868\u793a\u5e38\u91cf\uff1a\u4e60\u60ef\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e38\u91cf\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982PI=3.14<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5f15\u7528<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728shell\u811a\u672c\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u53d8\u91cf\u5f15\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u2014\u2014<code>$\u53d8\u91cf\u540d<\/code>\u548c<code>${\u53d8\u91cf\u540d}<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u2014\u2014$\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\n\/*\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5c06\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u3002*\/\n\/\/\u4f8b\u5982\nname=\"John\"\n\/*\u90a3\u4e48echo $name\u4f1a\u8f93\u51faJohn\u3002*\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u2014\u2014${\u53d8\u91cf\u540d}\n\/*\u5728Shell\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c${\u53d8\u91cf\u540d}\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u7528\u4e8e\u5f15\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u3002\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7{}\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9Shell\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u8bc6\u522b\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u3002*\/\n\/\/\u4f8b\u5982\nname = \"\u6b27\u5c3c\"\necho \"Hi\uff0c$name\u9171\"\n\/*Shell\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4f1a\u5c06$name\u9171\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6574\u4f53\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505aname\u9171\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662fname\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u65e0\u6cd5\u627e\u5230name\u9171\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u800c\u6700\u7ec8\u8f93\u51fa:Hi,*\/\n\/*\u8fd9\u65f6\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a{}*\/\necho \"Hi, ${name}\u9171\"\n\/*\u8fd9\u65f6\u5c31\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u9884\u671f\u7ed3\u679c\uff1aHi\uff0c\u6b27\u5c3c\u9171*\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">echo<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728shell\u811a\u672c\u4e2d<code>echo<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e0a\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u884c\u6587\u672c\u6216\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c<code>echo<\/code>\u4f1a\u81ea\u5e26\u6362\u884c\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/1\u3001\u663e\u793a\u666e\u901a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\necho \"Hello,World\"\n\/\/\u5c06\u4f1a\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e0a\u6253\u5370\uff1a\nHello\uff0cWorld<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/2\u3001\u663e\u793a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\nname = \"john\"\necho $name\n\/\/\u5c06\u4f1a\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u663e\u793a\uff1a\njohn<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/3\u3001\u663e\u793a\u8f6c\u4e49\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\necho -e \"Hello,\\nworld\"\n\/\/\u4f1a\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u663e\u793a\uff1a\nHello\uff0c\nworld<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/4\u3001\u663e\u793a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\necho \"$(cat 1.txt)\"\n\/\/\u5c06\u4f1a\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u663e\u793acat 1.txt\u7684\u7ed3\u679c<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8865\u5145\uff1a\u5728shell\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7<code>`<\/code>\u548c<code>$()<\/code>\u6765\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>result=`cat 1.txt`<\/code>\u6216\u8005<code>result=$(cat 1.txt)<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/5\u3001\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\necho \"Hello,world\" &gt; hello.txt\n\/\/\u4f1a\u5c06Hello\uff0cworld\u5199\u5165\u5230\u6587\u4ef6hello.txt\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8865\u5145\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728shell\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>-n<\/code>\u6765\u963b\u6b62<code>echo<\/code>\u81ea\u52a8\u6362\u884c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>echo -n \"Hello, \"\necho \"World\"\n\/\/\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a\nHello,World<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>-e<\/code>\u6765\u8ba9<code>echo<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u8f6c\u4e49\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>echo -e \"Hello,\\nworld\" \u4f1a\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u663e\u793a\uff1a\nHello\uff0c\nworld<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>printf<\/code>\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982printf \u201cage = %d\u201d $num<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8f93\u5165<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728shell\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u65b9\u5f0f\u2014\u2014<code>\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012<\/code>\u548c<code>read<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">read\u547d\u4ee4<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">read\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u811a\u672c\u5411\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u95ee\u5e76\u7b49\u5f85\u3002read\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5c06\u811a\u672c\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8d4b\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<code>read \u53d8\u91cf1 \u53d8\u91cf2 ...<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>read age\n\/*\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7528\u6cd5\u4f1a\u8bfb\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u5e76\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9age*\/ \nread a b c\necho \"a = $a,b = $b, c = $c\"\n\/*\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7528\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u5bf9\u5e94*\/\n\/\/\u4f8b\u5982\u8f93\u5165 1 2 3\uff1a\na = 1,b = 2, c = 3\n\/*\u5982\u679c\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6570\u548c\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2a\u6570\u4e0d\u5bf9,\u5219\u4f1a\u622a\u65ad\u6216\u8005\u8865\u5145\u5728\u672b\u5c3e*\/\n\/\/\u4f8b\u5982\u8f93\u5165 1 2\uff1a\na = 1,b = 2, c =\n\/\/\u4f8b\u5982\u8f93\u5165 1 2 3 4\uff1a\na = 1,b = 2, c = 3 4<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark><code>-p<\/code>\u9009\u9879\u7528\u6cd5<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-p<\/code>\u4f1a\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u63d0\u793a\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\nread -p \"\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u4f60\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff1a\" name\n\/\/\u663e\u793a\uff1a\n\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u4f60\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff1a\n\/\/\u6b64\u65f6\u4f1a\u7b49\u5f85\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark><code>-t<\/code>\u9009\u9879\u7528\u6cd5<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">-t\u5141\u8bb8\u6307\u5b9a\u547d\u4ee4\u7b49\u5f85\u8f93\u5165\u79d2\u6570\uff0c\u5f53\u8ba1\u65f6\u6ee1\u65f6\uff0cread\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u96f6\u9000\u51fa\u72b6\u6001<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\nread -t 5 var\necho \"var = $var\"\n\/*\u5982\u679c5\u79d2\u6ca1\u6709\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u4fbf\u4f1a\u7ed3\u675f\u8f93\u5165\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u6307\u4ee4*\/\nvar = \n\/*\u5982\u679c\u57285\u79d2\u5185\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u59821\uff08\u5fc5\u987b\u6309\u56de\u8f66\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u51fa\u73b0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7ed3\u679c*\/\nvar = 1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark><code>-n<\/code>\u9009\u9879\u7528\u6cd5<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-n<\/code>\u9009\u9879\u5141\u8bb8\u8bbe\u7f6e<code>read<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u8ba1\u6570\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u5f53\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u6570\u76ee\u8fbe\u5230\u9884\u5b9a\u6570\u76ee\u65f6\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\nread -n5 var\necho \"var = $var\"\n\/*\u5982\u679cvar\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c31\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u9000\u51fa*\/\n\/\/\u4f8b\u5982\u8f93\u516512345\uff1a\nvar = 12345 \uff08\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u6362\u884c,\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u540e\u9762\u8865\u5145\u4e2d\u4f1a\u8bb2\u5230\uff09\n\/\/\u5982\u679c\u8f93\u5165123456\uff1a\nvar = 12345<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark><code>-s<\/code>\u9009\u9879\u7528\u6cd5<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-s<\/code>\u9009\u9879\u80fd\u8ba9\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u5982\u540c\u5728linux\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u65f6\uff0c\u5bc6\u7801\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56de\u663e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\nread -s -p \"\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u4f60\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\uff1a\" passwd\n\/*\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56de\u663e\u5728\u754c\u9762\u4e0a*\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark><code>-a<\/code>\u9009\u9879\u7528\u6cd5<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-a<\/code>\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\n\nread -a array<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark>\u8865\u5145\uff1a<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">read\u547d\u4ee4\u5728\u8f93\u5165\u4e4b\u540e\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6362\u884c\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\u81ea\u52a8\u8865\u5145\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7528\u6237\u5728\u8f93\u5165\u4e4b\u540e\u4f1a\u6309\u4e0b\u56de\u8f66\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8f93\u5165123\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f 123\u56de\u8f66 \uff0cread\u4f1a\u8bfb\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56de\u8f66\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7ed3\u675f\u6807\u8bc6\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56de\u8f66\u6362\u884c\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#!\/bin\/bash\nread -n5 -p \"number: \" num\necho \"result: $num\"\n#\u5728\u8f93\u51655\u4e2a\u6570\u65f6\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\nnumber: 12345result: 12345\n#\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u9650\u5b9a\u4e86read\u53ea\u80fd\u8bfb\u53d65\u4e2a\u6570\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8bfb\u53d6\u52305\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u622a\u65ad\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u65e0\u6cd5\u6362\u884c\uff0c\u8ba9\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u8bed\u53e5\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6761\u8bed\u53e5\u663e\u793a\u5728\u4e86\u4e00\u884c\n#\u5982\u679c\u8f93\u51651234\u56de\u8f66\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\nnumber:1234(\u56de\u8f66)\nresult:1234\n#\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u770b\u5230\u6362\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aread\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u4e86\u56de\u8f66\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u4fa7\u9762\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86read\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6362\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u7684\u56de\u8f66\u4fe1\u53f7<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"header-id-95\">\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570<\/mark>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528<code>$n<\/code>\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\uff0cn\u662f\u4ece0\u5f00\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c<code>$0<\/code>\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c<code>$1<\/code>\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u662f\u53c2\u65701\uff0c<code>$2<\/code> \u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u662f\u53c2\u65702<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#!\/bin\/bash\necho \"\u811a\u672c\u540d\uff1a$0\"\necho \"\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff1a$1\"\necho \"\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff1a$2\"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4e0a\u8ff0\u811a\u672c\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a&nbsp;<code>test.sh<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u8fd9\u6837\u8c03\u7528\u5b83\uff1a<code>.\/test.sh arg1 arg2<\/code>\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u811a\u672c\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u5c06\u4f1a\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\u811a\u672c\u540d\uff1a.\/test.sh\n\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff1aarg1\n\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff1aarg2\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u7279\u6b8a\u53d8\u91cf<\/mark>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728shell\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u83b7\u53d6\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u989d\u5916\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#7bdcb5\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\"><code>$*<\/code>\u548c<code>$@<\/code>\uff1a<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u90fd\u662f\u7528\u6765\u5f15\u7528\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#!\/bin\/bash\necho \"\u6240\u6709\u53c2\u6570\uff08\\$*\uff09\uff1a$*\"\necho \"\u6240\u6709\u53c2\u6570\uff08\\$@\uff09\uff1a$@\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5c06\u4e0a\u8ff0\u811a\u672c\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a&nbsp;<code>test.sh<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u8fd9\u6837\u8c03\u7528\u5b83\uff1a<code>.\/test.sh arg1 arg2 arg3<\/code>\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u811a\u672c\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u5c06\u4f1a\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\u6240\u6709\u53c2\u6570\uff08$*\uff09\uff1aarg1 arg2 arg3\n\u6240\u6709\u53c2\u6570\uff08$@\uff09\uff1aarg1 arg2 arg3<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u53d8\u91cf\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u6837 \uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u76f8\u540c\u70b9\uff1a\u90fd\u662f\u5f15\u7528\u6240\u6709\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4e0d\u540c\u70b9\uff1a\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u4e2d\u4f53\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u5728\u811a\u672c\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5199\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570 1\u30012\u30013\uff0c\u5219 &#8221; * &#8221; \u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e &#8220;1 2 3&#8243;\uff08\u4f20\u9012\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff09\uff0c\u800c &#8220;@&#8221; \u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e &#8220;1&#8221; &#8220;2&#8221; &#8220;3&#8221;\uff08\u4f20\u9012\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e3e\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#!\/bin\/bash\necho \"\u4f7f\u7528\\$*\uff1a\"\nfor i in \"$*\"; do\n    echo $i\ndone\n\necho \"\u4f7f\u7528\\$@\uff1a\"\nfor i in \"$@\"; do\n    echo $i\ndone<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5c06\u4e0a\u8ff0\u811a\u672c\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a&nbsp;<code>test.sh<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u8fd9\u6837\u8c03\u7528\u5b83\uff1a<code>.\/test.sh arg1 arg2 arg3<\/code>\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u811a\u672c\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u5c06\u4f1a\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\u4f7f\u7528$*\uff1a\narg1 arg2 arg3\n\u4f7f\u7528$@\uff1a\narg1\narg2\narg3<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#7bdcb5\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><code>$$<\/code> \u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53f7<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u6307\u5f53\u524d\u811a\u672c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0bID<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#!\/bin\/bash\necho -e \"\\$$ = $$\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5047\u8bbe\u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u540d\u4e3atest.sh\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48$$\u5c06\u4f1a\u83b7\u53d6test.sh\u6267\u884c\u540e\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0bID<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#7bdcb5\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><code>$#<\/code> \u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\uff08\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u547d\u4ee4\uff09<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u53d6\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u811a\u672c\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#!\/bin\/bash\necho \"\u53c2\u6570\u4e2a\u6570\uff1a$#\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5c06\u4e0a\u8ff0\u811a\u672c\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a&nbsp;<code>test.sh<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u8fd9\u6837\u8c03\u7528\u5b83\uff1a<code>.\/test.sh arg1 arg2 arg3<\/code>\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u811a\u672c\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u5c06\u4f1a\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\u53c2\u6570\u4e2a\u6570\uff1a3<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code><mark style=\"background-color:#7bdcb5\" class=\"has-inline-color\">$? <\/mark><\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u8be5\u7ed3\u679c\u662f0\uff0c\u5931\u8d25\u7ed3\u679c\u662f1(\u8fd9\u4e2a\u548cC\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u76f8\u53cd)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#!\/bin\/bash\ncat day3\necho -e \"\\$? = $?\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5047\u8bbe\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55<code>day3<\/code>\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48<code>$\uff1f<\/code>\u5c31\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de1\uff0c\u5373\u5931\u8d25<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$? = 1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code><mark style=\"background-color:#7bdcb5\" class=\"has-inline-color\">$!<\/mark><\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728Shell\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c$! \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5b83\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u540e\u53f0\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0bID\uff08PID\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#!\/bin\/bash\nsleep 30 &amp;\necho \"\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u540e\u53f0\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0bID\uff1a$!\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u5c06\u4f1a\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u540e\u53f0\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff08<code>sleep 30<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8f93\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540e\u53f0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0bID\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">getopts<\/mark>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728Shell\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\uff0cgetopts \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u89e3\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4eceShell\u811a\u672c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u89e3\u6790\u53c2\u6570\u3002getopts \u88ab\u7528\u6765\u5206\u6790\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\uff0coption \u5305\u542b\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u9009\u9879\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u5192\u53f7\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u8be5\u5b57\u7b26\u9009\u9879\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5176\u53c2\u6570\u9700\u8981\u4ee5\u7a7a\u683c\u5206\u9694\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">getopts \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\u662f getopts optstring name [arg]\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">optstring\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u8981\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u9009\u9879\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bcd\u540e\u9762\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a&#8221;:&#8221;\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u9009\u9879\u540e\u9762\u8981\u8ddf\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c optstring \u5199\u6210 \u201cb:o:h\u201d\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u652f\u6301 -b\u3001-o\u3001-h \u9009\u9879\u8bc6\u522b\uff0c-b \u548c -o \u9009\u9879\u540e\u9762\u9700\u8981\u8ddf\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u3002<br>name\uff1a\u6bcf\u6b21\u8c03\u7528 getopts\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5c06\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u653e\u7f6e\u5728 shell \u53d8\u91cf name \u4e2d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f20\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728 name \u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5176\u91cd\u65b0\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3002<br>arg\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u8981\u89e3\u6790\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5728 shell \u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u89e3\u6790\u7684\u662f\u6267\u884c shell \u811a\u672c\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u53ef\u7701\u7565\u4e0d\u5199\u3002<br>\u5f53 getopts \u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u5404\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u5408 case \u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a&#8221;\u5e38\u91cf&#8221;\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f OPTARG\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u9009\u9879\u7684\u503c\uff1b\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c31\u662f OPTIND\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u9009\u9879\u5728\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u79fb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528 getopts \u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#!\/bin\/bash\n\nwhile getopts \":b:o:h\" opt_name\ndo\n    case $opt_name in\n        b)\n            echo \"-b Option is recognized, argument=$OPTARG\"\n            ;;\n        o)\n            echo \"-o Option is recognized, argument=$OPTARG\"\n            ;;\n        h)\n            echo \"-h Option is recognized\"\n            ;;\n        ?)\n            echo \"Unknown option $OPTARG\"\n            ;;\n    esac\ndone<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c<code>getopts<\/code>&nbsp;\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u6790&nbsp;<code>-b<\/code>\u3001<code>-o<\/code>&nbsp;\u548c&nbsp;<code>-h<\/code>&nbsp;\u9009\u9879\u3002<code>-b<\/code>&nbsp;\u548c&nbsp;<code>-o<\/code>&nbsp;\u9009\u9879\u540e\u9762\u9700\u8981\u8ddf\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7&nbsp;<code>OPTARG<\/code>&nbsp;\u53d8\u91cf\u83b7\u53d6\u3002\u5982\u679c&nbsp;<code>getopts<\/code>&nbsp;\u8bc6\u522b\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u4f1a\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u7684\u503c\u653e\u5165&nbsp;<code>OPTARG<\/code>&nbsp;\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14&nbsp;<code>opt_name<\/code>&nbsp;\u7684\u503c\u5c06\u4f1a\u662f&nbsp;<code>?<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7cfb\u7edf\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5177\u5907\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u542b\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>PATH<\/code>  \u8fd9\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u4f1a\u53bb&nbsp;<code>PATH<\/code>&nbsp;\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u5bfb\u627e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>USER<\/code> \u8fd9\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u767b\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>UID<\/code> \u8fd9\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u767b\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7528\u6237ID\u3002\u5728Unix\u548c\u7c7bUnix\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u7528\u6237ID\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>HOME<\/code> \u8fd9\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u5728Unix\u548c\u7c7bUnix\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f&nbsp;<code>\/home\/username<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>PWD<\/code> \u8fd9\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u65f6\uff0c<code>PWD<\/code>&nbsp;\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u901a\u8fc7$\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#!\/bin\/bash\necho -e \"$PATH = $PATH\"\necho -e \"$PWD = $PWD\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">shell\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u8bed\u53e5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8bf4\u660e\u6027\u8bed\u53e5<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5#\u5f00\u5934\u5230\u6539\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u4e0d\u88ab\u89e3\u6790\uff08\u6ce8\u91ca\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u8bed\u53e5<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4efb\u610f\u7684shell\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">test\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8bed\u53e5<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">test\u8bed\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1a<mark style=\"background-color:#7bdcb5\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6<\/mark>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728Shell\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c<code>test <\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u67e5\u67d0\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u6574\u6570\uff08test\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5904\u7406\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u5176\u4ed6\u5de5\u5177\uff09\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e09\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<code>test<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code><mark style=\"background-color:#7bdcb5\" class=\"has-inline-color\">test \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/mark><\/code>\uff1a\u8fd9\u79cd\u5199\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>test<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u7740\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<code>test $num1 -eq $num2<\/code> \u4f1a\u68c0\u67e5 <code>$num1<\/code> \u662f\u5426\u7b49\u4e8e <code>$num2\u3002<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#7bdcb5\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\"><code>[ \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f ]<\/code>\uff1a<\/mark>\u8fd9\u79cd\u5199\u6cd5\u662f <code>test<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u7b80\u5199\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7<code> [] <\/code>\u6765\u4ee3\u66ff <code>test <\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u548c<code> test <\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<code>[ $num1 -eq $num2 ]<\/code> \u548c <code>test $num1 -eq $num2 <\/code>\u662f\u7b49\u4ef7\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u79cd\u5199\u6cd5\uff0c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e24\u8fb9\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u6709\u7a7a\u683c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<code>[ $num1 -eq $num2 ] <\/code>\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f <code>[$num1 -eq $num2]<\/code> \u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#8ed1fc\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\u67090\u548c\u975e0\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d0\u8868\u793a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\u771f\uff0c\u975e0\u8868\u793a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\u5426\uff08\u4e0eC\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8868\u793a\u76f8\u53cd\uff09<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u6570\u503c\uff08\u6574\u6570\uff09\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6570\u503c\u6bd4\u8f83\u9009\u9879<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>-eq<\/code>\uff1a\u7b49\u4e8e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>-ne<\/code>\uff1a\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>-gt<\/code>\uff1a\u5927\u4e8e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>-ge<\/code>\uff1a\u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>-lt<\/code>\uff1a\u5c0f\u4e8e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>-le<\/code>\uff1a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#\u683c\u5f0f1\n#!\/bin\/bash\nnum1=10\nnum2=10\nif test $num1 -eq $num2\nthen\n    echo \"num1 \u7b49\u4e8e num2\"\nelse\n    echo \"num1 \u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e num2\"\nfi<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#\u683c\u5f0f2\n#!\/bin\/bash\nnum1=10\nnum2=10\nif &#91; $num1 -eq $num2 ]\nthen\n    echo \"num1 \u7b49\u4e8e num2\"\nelse\n    echo \"num1 \u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e num2\"\nfi<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8f93\u51fa<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>num1 \u7b49\u4e8e num2<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6bd4\u8f83\u9009\u9879<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>=<\/code>&nbsp;\u6216&nbsp;<code>==<\/code>\uff1a\u7b49\u4e8e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>!=<\/code>\uff1a\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>-z<\/code>\uff1a(zero)\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a\u96f6<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>-n<\/code>\uff1a(non-zero)\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u4e3a\u96f6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#\u683c\u5f0f1\n#!\/bin\/bash\nstr1=\"Hello\"\nstr2=\"Hello\"\nif test \"$str1\" = \"$str2\"\nthen\n    echo \"str1 \u7b49\u4e8e str2\"\nelse\n    echo \"str1 \u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e str2\"\nfi\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#\u683c\u5f0f2\n#!\/bin\/bash\nstr1=\"Hello\"\nstr2=\"Hello\"\nif &#91; \"$str1\" = \"$str2\" ]\nthen\n    echo \"str1 \u7b49\u4e8e str2\"\nelse\n    echo \"str1 \u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e str2\"\nfi\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u6587\u4ef6\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9009\u9879<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>-e<\/code>\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>-r<\/code>\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u8bfb<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>-w<\/code>\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u5199<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>-x<\/code>\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u6267\u884c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>-f<\/code>\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>-d<\/code>\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>-s<\/code>\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u975e\u96f6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#\u683c\u5f0f1\n#!\/bin\/bash\nfilename=\"test.txt\"\nif test -d \"$filename\"\nthen\n    echo \"$filename \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\"\nelse\n    echo \"$filename \u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\"\nfi\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#\u683c\u5f0f2\n#!\/bin\/bash\nfilename=\"test.txt\"\nif &#91; -d \"$filename\" ]\nthen\n    echo \"$filename \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\"\nelse\n    echo \"$filename \u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\"\nfi<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#8ed1fc\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u6574\u6570\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5728\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0<code>\"\"<\/code>\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9700\u8981\u5728\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0<code>\"\"<\/code><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u591a\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u5e76\u884c<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#8ed1fc\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u4e0e<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#7bdcb5\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong><code>-a<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a<\/mark>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8868\u793a\u903b\u8f91\u4e0e\uff08AND\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u90fd\u4e3a\u771f\u65f6\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u624d\u4e3a\u771f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<code>-a<\/code>\u00a0\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u6765\u8fde\u63a5\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>if &#91; $num -gt 10 -a $num -lt 20 ]\nthen\n    echo \"num \u5728 10 \u548c 20 \u4e4b\u95f4\"\nfi<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<mark style=\"background-color:#7bdcb5\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><code>&amp;&amp;<\/code><\/mark>\u7b26\u53f7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>num1=150\nnum2=200\n\nif &#91; $num1 -gt 100 ] &amp;&amp; &#91; $num2 -gt 100 ]\nthen\n    echo '\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u90fd\u5927\u4e8e100'\nelse\n    echo '\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6570\u90fd\u5927\u4e8e100'\nfi<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#8ed1fc\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u6216<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#7bdcb5\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong><code>-o<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a<\/mark>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8868\u793a\u903b\u8f91\u6216\uff08OR\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u53ea\u8981\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u4e3a\u771f\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5c31\u4e3a\u771f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<code>-o<\/code>\u00a0\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u6765\u8fde\u63a5\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>if &#91; $num -lt 10 -o $num -gt 20 ]\nthen\n    echo \"num \u4e0d\u5728 10 \u548c 20 \u4e4b\u95f4\"\nfi<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-light-green-cyan-color\"><code>||<\/code><\/mark>\u7b26\u53f7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>num1=100\nnum2=50\n\nif &#91; $num1 -gt 100 ] || &#91; $num2 -gt 100 ]\nthen\n    echo '\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5927\u4e8e100'\nelse\n    echo '\u6ca1\u6709\u6570\u5927\u4e8e100'\nfi<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#8ed1fc\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">\u975e<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><code>!<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8868\u793a\u903b\u8f91\u975e\uff08NOT\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u4e3a\u5047\u65f6\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u624d\u4e3a\u771f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u524d\u9762\u52a0\u4e0a&nbsp;<code>!<\/code>&nbsp;\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>if &#91; ! -e \"$filename\" ]\nthen\n    echo \"\u6587\u4ef6 $filename \u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\"\nfi<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff08\u7ed3\u6784\u8bed\u53e5\uff09\u63a7\u5236\u8bed\u53e5<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u4fe1\u53f7\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">1\u3001if \u5224\u65ad<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u683c\u5f0f1\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>if \u6d4b\u8bd5\u8bed\u53e5\nthen\n    \u6267\u884c\u8bed\u53e5\nfi<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u683c\u5f0f2\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>if \u6d4b\u8bd5\u8bed\u53e5\nthen\n   \u8bed\u53e51\nelse\n   \u8bed\u53e52\nfi<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2\u3001<mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u591a\u8def\u5206\u652fcase \/\/\u8fdb\u884c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6bd4\u8f83<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>case \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u53d8\u91cf in\n\u6a21\u5f0f1)\n     \u8bed\u53e5\n     ;;\n\u6a21\u5f0f2)\n     \u8bed\u53e5\n     ;;\n*)\n     \u8bed\u53e5\n     ;;\nesac<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#!\/bin\/bash\necho \"Do you know Java Programming?\"\nread -p \"Yes\/No? :\" Answer\n\ncase $Answer in\nYes | yes | y | Y)\n    echo \"That's amazing.\"\n    ;;\nNo | no | N | n)\n    echo \"It's easy. Let's start learning from yiibai.com.\"\n    ;;\nesac<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">3.for\u5faa\u73af<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u683c\u5f0f1\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>for \u53d8\u91cf in \u503c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u503c\u548c\u503c\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u683c\uff09\ndo\n    \u8bed\u53e5\ndone<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u683c\u5f0f2\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>for(( i=0;i&lt;10;i++ ))\n{\n    \u8bed\u53e5\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#7bdcb5\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u5faa\u73af\u6570\u5b57<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>for i in {1..10}\ndo\n    echo $i\ndone<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#7bdcb5\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u5faa\u73af\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>for i in \"Hello\" \"World\"\ndo\n    echo $i\ndone\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#7bdcb5\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u904d\u5386\u76ee\u5f55<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>for file in \/path\/to\/directory\/*\ndo\n    echo $file\ndone\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8865\u5145\uff1afor\u4e2d\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u8303\u56f4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\u5982\u6211\u5148\u6253\u53701-99\u7684\u6240\u6709\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#!\/bin\/bash\n\nfor i in {0..99}\ndo\n   echo $i\ndone <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">4\u3001while\u5faa\u73af<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u6761\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\u771f\uff08\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e3a0\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48do\u548cdone\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u3002\u5f53\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\u5047\uff08\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u975e0\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u5faa\u73af\u5c31\u4f1a\u7ed3\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>while \u6d4b\u8bd5\u6761\u4ef6\ndo\n   \u8bed\u53e5\ndone<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#!\/bin\/bash\nnum=1\nwhile &#91; $num -le 10 ]\ndo\n    echo $num\n    num=$(( $num + 1 ))\ndone\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6570\u5b66\u6269\u5c55<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6570\u5b66\u6269\u5c55\u80fd\u8ba9\u53d8\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c<mark style=\"background-color:#7bdcb5\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u6574\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd0\u7b97<\/mark>\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u4f1a\u88ab\u5f53\u505a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1<mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u3001\uff08 (\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f)\uff09<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7528\u6cd51\uff1a \uff08\uff08\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff09\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7528\u6cd52\uff1a((\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f1\uff0c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f2\u2026))<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>$((\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f))<\/code>\uff1a\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7528\u4e8e\u7b97\u672f\u6269\u5c55\u3002\u5b83\u4f1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u66ff\u6362\u5230\u539f\u5904\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728<code>echo $((123 + 1))<\/code>\u4e2d\uff0c<code>$((123 + 1))<\/code>\u4f1a\u88ab\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a<code>124<\/code>\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u5c06<code>(())<\/code>\u7ed3\u679c\u590d\u5236\u7ed9\u65b0\u53d8\u91cf\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528<code>$<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>((\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f))<\/code>\uff1a\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u6761\u4ef6\u5224\u65ad\u548c\u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728if ((expression))\u6216while ((expression))\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\u975e\u96f6\u503c\uff0c\u5219\u6761\u4ef6\u4e3a\u771f\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c((\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f))\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982((a = 123 + 1))3<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c<code>((\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f))<\/code>\u548c<code>$((\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f))<\/code>\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u6761\u4ef6\u5224\u65ad\u548c\u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u8005\u7528\u4e8e\u7b97\u672f\u6269\u5c55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e3e\u4f8b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#\uff01\/bin\/bash\na=5\nb=7\necho $((a*b))  # \u8f93\u51fa35<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">2\u3001$[]<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>$[]<\/code>\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u52a0\uff08+\uff09\u3001\u51cf\uff08-\uff09\u3001\u4e58\uff08*\uff09\u3001\u9664\uff08\/\uff09\u548c\u53d6\u6a21\uff08%\uff09\u7b49\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">RET = $[\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>$[]<\/code>\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u4e8e\u8f93\u51fa\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>a=5\nb=7\necho $&#91;a+b]  # \u8f93\u51fa12<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">3\u3001let<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">let\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u6267\u884c\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e0a\u8ba1\u7b97\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7528\u6cd5\uff1alet RET=$NUM1+$NUM2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e0d\u80fd\u6709\u7a7a\u683c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u53bb\u63a5\u53d7\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u7ed3\u679c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u53c2\u4e0e\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u6574\u6570<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#\u666e\u901a\u8fd0\u7b97\u64cd\u4f5c\nlet a=5+4\necho $a  # \u8f93\u51fa9\n\n#\u81ea\u589e\u81ea\u51cf\u8fd0\u7b97\nlet no++\nlet no--\n\n#\u7b80\u5199\nlet no+=10\nlet no-=20<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">4\u3001expr<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">expr\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5728UNIX\/LINUX\u4e0b\u6c42\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u4e8e\u6574\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1aexpr expression<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\nexpr 5 + 7  # \u8f93\u51fa12\n\n#\u8ba1\u7b97\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u957f\u5ea6\nexpr length \"this is a test\"  # \u8f93\u51fa14\n\n#\u6293\u53d6\u5b57\u7b26\nexpr substr \"this is a test\" 3 5  # \u8f93\u51fa\"is is\"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>expr \u81ea\u5e26\u8f93\u51fa\u529f\u80fd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u7684\u524d\u540e\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u6709\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c\u4e0d\u7136\u4f1a\u88ab\u5f53\u505a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5fc5\u9700\u8981\u6709$<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8ba9\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\uff1a <code>NUM3=`expr 1 + 2`<\/code>\u6216\u8005<code>NUM3=$(expr 1 + 2)<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4e58\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u8f6c\u4e49\u5b57\u7b26\\<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\uff08\uff09\u6539\u53d8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u8f6c\u4e49\u7b26\u53f7\\\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u88ab\u5224\u5b9a\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&lt;&gt;\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u8f6c\u4e49\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u7b26\u53f7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">adduser<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9009\u9879 -home \uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55 -uid\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7f16\u53f7 -gid\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7f16\u53f7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">su<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u5207\u6362\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u65b0\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u5728sudoers\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0 <code>\u7528\u6237\u540d ALL=(ALL:ALL)ALL<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">passwd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u4fee\u6539\u5bc6\u7801<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">passwd \u7528\u6237\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">usermod<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u4fee\u6539<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">sudo usermod \u4fee\u6539\u540e\u7684\u5185\u5bb9 \u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9009\u9879<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">-c \u4fee\u6539passwd\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e94\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5373\u767b\u5f55\u540d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">sudo usermod -c \u4fee\u6539\u540e\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u540d \u539f\u6765\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">-d \u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">sudo usermod -m -d \u4fee\u6539\u540e\u7684\u76ee\u5f55 \u4fee\u6539\u524d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">-g \u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">sudo usermod -g \u7ec4\u540d \u7528\u6237\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">-aG<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u5c0f\u7ec4\u6210\u5458\u7684\u9644\u52a0,\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5c0f\u7ec4\u4e2d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">sudo usermod -aG \u7ec4\u540d \u7528\u6237\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">sudo gpasswd -d \u7528\u6237\u540d \u7ec4\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5c06\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7528\u6237\u79fb\u51fa\u5c0f\u7ec4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">deluser<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7ec4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">deluser \u7528\u6237\u540d \u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">delgroup \u7ec4\u540d \u5220\u9664\u7ec4\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u78c1\u76d8\u7ba1\u7406<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u67e5\u770b\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u60c5\u51b5<\/mark>\uff1a<code>df <\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>df<\/code>&nbsp;\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728 Unix \u548c\u7c7b Unix \u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u5305\u62ec Linux\uff09\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<code>df<\/code>&nbsp;\u662f \u201cdisk filesystem\u201d \u7684\u7f29\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u57fa\u672c\u7684&nbsp;<code>df<\/code>&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8bbe\u5907\u540d\u3001\u603b\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u5df2\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u5df2\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9009\u9879\uff1a <code>-h<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-h<\/code>&nbsp;\u9009\u9879\u4f1a\u4f7f&nbsp;<code>df<\/code>&nbsp;\u4ee5\u4eba\u7c7b\u53ef\u8bfb\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982 K\uff08\u5343\u5b57\u8282\uff09\u3001M\uff08\u5146\u5b57\u8282\uff09\u3001G\uff08\u5409\u5b57\u8282\uff09\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/6KDL7Y@V9WOZX93ZSX.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"564\" height=\"209\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/6KDL7Y@V9WOZX93ZSX.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-708\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 564px) 100vw, 564px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>\/dev\/sda1<\/code>&nbsp;\u662f\u4e3b\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5b83\u6709 50G \u7684\u603b\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u5df2\u4f7f\u7528 11G\uff0c\u5269\u4f59 36G\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u4e3a 23%\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u6302\u8f7d\u547d\u4ee4<\/mark>\uff1amount<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6302\u8f7d\uff0c\u5728Linux\u548c\u5176\u4ed6Unix-like\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c<code>mount<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u6302\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0clinux\u4e2d\u7684\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u60f3\u8981\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u5173\u8054\u5230\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5173\u8054\u6211\u4eec\u53eb\u505a\u6302\u8f7d\u3002\u5c06\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u8bbe\u5907\uff08\u5982\u786c\u76d8\uff0c\u5149\u76d8\uff0cUSB\u9a71\u52a8\u5668\u7b49\uff09\u6216\u8005\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u5982ISO\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u78c1\u76d8\u955c\u50cf\u7b49\uff09\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u70b9\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u70b9\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6302\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>mount -t type device dir<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c<code>type<\/code>\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c<code>device<\/code>\u662f\u8981\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c<code>dir<\/code>\u662f\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>-t type<\/code>\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<code>type<\/code>&nbsp;\u662f\u4f60\u8981\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982&nbsp;<code>ext4<\/code>\u3001<code>ntfs<\/code>\u3001<code>iso9660<\/code>&nbsp;\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>device<\/code>\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u4f60\u8981\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u786c\u76d8\u901a\u5e38\u662f&nbsp;<code>\/dev\/sda1<\/code>\u3001<code>\/dev\/sdb1<\/code>&nbsp;\u7b49\uff0c\u5149\u76d8\u901a\u5e38\u662f&nbsp;<code>\/dev\/cdrom<\/code>\uff0cUSB \u9a71\u52a8\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u662f&nbsp;<code>\/dev\/sdc1<\/code>&nbsp;\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>dir<\/code>\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u4f60\u8981\u5c06\u8bbe\u5907\u6302\u8f7d\u5230\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u5fc5\u987b\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\uff0c<code>mount<\/code>&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e3a\u4f60\u521b\u5efa\u5b83\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u4e00\u4e2aext4\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u5728<code>\/dev\/sdb1<\/code>\uff0c\u4f60\u60f3\u628a\u5b83\u6302\u8f7d\u5230<code>\/mnt\/mydisk<\/code>\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>mount -t ext4 \/dev\/sdb1 \/mnt\/mydisk<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c<code>mount<\/code>\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8bc6\u522b\u5b83\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u683c\u5f0f<code><mark style=\"background-color:#7bdcb5\" class=\"has-inline-color\">mount \u8bbe\u5907\u540d \u76ee\u6807\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55<\/mark><\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>mount \/dev\/sdb1 \/mnt\/mydisk<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53d6\u6d88\u6302\u5728\uff1a umouont<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a <code>umount \u76ee\u6807\u8bbe\u5907\u540d<\/code> \u6216\u8005 <code>umount \u76ee\u6807\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c<code>\u76ee\u6807\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55<\/code>&nbsp;\u662f\u4f60\u4e4b\u524d\u6302\u8f7d\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c<code>\u8bbe\u5907\u540d<\/code>&nbsp;\u662f\u4f60\u8981\u5378\u8f7d\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e4b\u524d\u4f7f\u7528&nbsp;<code>mount \/dev\/sdb1 \/mnt\/mydisk<\/code>&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\u6302\u8f7d\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5378\u8f7d\u5b83\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>umount \/mnt\/mydisk<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6216\u8005<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>umount \/dev\/sdb1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:#7bdcb5\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6b63\u5728\u8bbf\u95ee\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u76ee\u5f55\uff09\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f60\u624d\u80fd\u5378\u8f7d\u5b83\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6b63\u5728\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c<code>umount<\/code>\u00a0\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">fdisk\uff1a\u78c1\u76d8\u7ba1\u7406<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 fdisk -l\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u5206\u533a\u8868<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>m<\/code>\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u83dc\u5355\u548c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>a<\/code>\uff1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6d3b\u52a8\u5206\u533a\u6807\u8bb0\/\u5f15\u5bfc\u5206\u533a\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>d<\/code>\uff1a\u5220\u9664\u5206\u533a\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>n<\/code>\uff1a\u65b0\u5efa\u5206\u533a\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>p<\/code>\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u5206\u533a\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>q<\/code>\uff1a\u9000\u51fa\u4e0d\u4fdd\u5b58\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>w<\/code>\uff1a\u4fdd\u5b58\u4fee\u6539\u5e76\u9000\u51fa\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Windows\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">FAT32\u3001NTFS\u3001exFAT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Linux\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ext\u3001ext2\u3001ext3\u3001ext4\u3001xfs\u3001linuxswap\u3001VFAT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">macos<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">HFS\/HFS+<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u9759\u6001\u663e\u793a\u2014\u2014ps<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ps \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728 Unix \u548c\u7c7b Unix \u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u5305\u62ec Linux\uff09\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002ps \u662f \u201cprocess status\u201d \u7684\u7f29\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ps\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ps -ef\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ps -aux\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec CPU \u548c\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u7b49<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5305\u62ec\u8fdb\u7a0b ID\uff08PID\uff09\u3001\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b ID\uff08PPID\uff09\u3001\u7ec8\u7aef\u3001CPU \u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u7b49\u3002<br>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 ps -ef | grep \u8fdb\u7a0b\u5173\u952e\u5b57 \u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u67e5\u770b\u6307\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 ps -u \u7528\u6237\u540d \u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ps -ef<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/ZZIR46JAI_XXNB20KUF.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"646\" height=\"124\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/ZZIR46JAI_XXNB20KUF.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-709\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 646px) 100vw, 646px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>UID\uff1a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u88ab\u8be5 UID \u6240\u62e5\u6709\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u662f\u7528\u6237 ID\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>PID\uff1a\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684 ID\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>PPID\uff1a\u5219\u662f\u5176\u4e0a\u7ea7\u7236\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684 ID\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C\uff1aCPU \u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>STIME\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>TTY\uff1a\u767b\u5165\u8005\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u673a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>TIME\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u6389\u7684 CPU \u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CMD\uff1a\u6240\u4e0b\u8fbe\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ps -aux<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/UNVII8FAV9QDHU4M3ILW.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"790\" height=\"135\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/UNVII8FAV9QDHU4M3ILW.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-710\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 790px) 100vw, 790px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>USER\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff0c\u5373\u8fd0\u884c\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>PID\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b ID\uff0c\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>%CPU\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528\u7684 CPU \u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>%MEM\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VSZ\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u603b\u91cf\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u662f KB\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>RSS\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u3001\u672a\u88ab\u6362\u51fa\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u662f KB\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>TTY\uff1a\u4e0e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5173\u8054\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>STAT\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>START\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>TIME\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u603b CPU \u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>COMMAND\uff1a\u542f\u52a8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\uff0c<code>-e<\/code> \u548c <code>-a <\/code>\u9009\u9879\u90fd\u662f\u7528\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u8981\u663e\u793a\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u3002<code>-e<\/code> \u9009\u9879\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u800c<code> -a <\/code>\u9009\u9879\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u9664\u4e86\u65e0\u7ec8\u7aef\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u4f1a\u8bdd\u9886\u5bfc\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-f<\/code> \u548c <code>-u <\/code>\u9009\u9879\u90fd\u662f\u7528\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u663e\u793a\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u3002<code>-f <\/code>\u9009\u9879\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u5b8c\u6574\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c <code>-u <\/code>\u9009\u9879\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u4ee5\u7528\u6237\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-x<\/code> \u9009\u9879\u662f\u7528\u6765\u5305\u542b\u65e0\u7ec8\u7aef\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709 <code>-x <\/code>\u9009\u9879\uff0cps \u547d\u4ee4\u53ea\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u6709\u63a7\u5236\u7ec8\u7aef\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u52a8\u6001\u663e\u793a\u2014\u2014top<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">top \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728 Linux \u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b Unix \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u3001\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u89c6\u56fe\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u80fd\u4fe1\u606f\u4ee5\u53ca\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f top \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">top\uff1a\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u884c top \u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u76ee\u3001CPU \u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>top -d number\uff1a-d \u9009\u9879\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a top \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5237\u65b0\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a\u79d2\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>top -n number\uff1a-n \u9009\u9879\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a top \u547d\u4ee4\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u540e\u81ea\u52a8\u9000\u51fa\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>top -p pid\uff1a-p \u9009\u9879\u7528\u4e8e\u4ec5\u663e\u793a\u6307\u5b9a\u8fdb\u7a0b ID \u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728 top \u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u6309\u952e\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>k\uff1a\u7ec8\u6b62\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>r\uff1a\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>h\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u5e2e\u52a9\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">kill\uff1a\u5411\u6307\u5b9a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u9001\u4fe1\u53f7<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">kill \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728 Unix \u548c\u7c7b Unix \u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u5305\u62ec Linux\uff09\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u53d1\u9001\u4fe1\u53f7\u7ed9\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u57fa\u672c\u7684&nbsp;<code>kill<\/code>&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u683c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>kill &#91;signal] pid<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>signal \u662f\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u7f16\u53f7\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0ckill \u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u53d1\u9001 SIGTERM\uff08\u4fe1\u53f7 15\uff09\u6765\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6b63\u5e38\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab SIGTERM \u7ec8\u6b62\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u9001 SIGKILL\uff08\u4fe1\u53f7 9\uff09\u6765\u5f3a\u5236\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pid \u662f\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u7ec8\u6b62\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b ID\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 ps\u3001pidof\u3001pstree\u3001top \u7b49\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684 ID\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b ID \u4e3a 1234 \u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>kill 1234<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u5f3a\u5236\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>kill -9 1234<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 kill -l \u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7f16\u53f7\u548c\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>SIGINT\uff08\u4fe1\u53f7 2\uff09\uff1a\u4e2d\u65ad\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7531 Ctrl+C \u952e\u53d1\u9001\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SIGQUIT\uff08\u4fe1\u53f7 3\uff09\uff1a\u9000\u51fa\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7531 Ctrl+\\ \u952e\u53d1\u9001\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SIGKILL\uff08\u4fe1\u53f7 9\uff09\uff1a\u5f3a\u5236\u7ec8\u6b62\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SIGSTOP\uff08\u4fe1\u53f7 19\uff09\uff1a\u6682\u505c\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7531 Ctrl+Z \u952e\u53d1\u9001\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SIGCONT\uff08\u4fe1\u53f7 18\uff09\uff1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u4e0e SIGSTOP \u76f8\u53cd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8865\u5145<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">man<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u624b\u518c\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0shell\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u7cfb\u7edf\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u8005\u5e93\u51fd\u6570\u7b49\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\uff0cman\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5339\u914d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u67e5\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5728\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u6070\u597d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f1a\u9519\u8bef\u5730\u8fd4\u56de\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u7684\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u901a\u914d\u7b26\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>\uff1f<\/code> \uff1a\u5339\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u610f\u7684\u5b57\u7b26<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>*<\/code> \uff1a\u5339\u914d\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>history<\/code>\uff1a <code>history \u884c\u6570<\/code> \u67e5\u770b\u547d\u4ee4\u5386\u53f2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5173\u4e8e\u7ba1\u9053\u7b26\u53f7<code>|<\/code>\u548c<code>xargs<\/code>\uff08execute arguments\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u70b9\u731c\u60f3\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>ls | grep<\/code> \u201c\u5b57\u7b26\u201d \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7b5b\u9009\u51fa\u6765\u7b26\u5408\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u5e0c\u671b\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u5374\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ec5\u4ec5\u4f7f\u7528<code>ls | grep \u201c\u5b57\u7b26\u201d | rm<\/code> \uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u6240\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\uff0c<code>ls<\/code>\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u7ba1\u9053\u4ee5\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f5c\u4e3a<code>rm<\/code>\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u884c\u7684\uff0c<code>rm<\/code>\u62d2\u7edd\u8bfb\u53d6\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u800c<code>xargs<\/code>\u5bf9\u4f5c\u7528\u5219\u662f\u5c06\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u53d8\u6210\u547d\u4ee4\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6211\u7591\u60d1\u7684\u70b9\u662f\uff1a\u4e3a\u4f55Linux\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8005\u4f1a\u8ba9\u6709\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u62d2\u7edd\u8bfb\u53d6\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u547d\u4ee4\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6211\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u7684<code>grep<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u4e5f\u4ec5\u4ec5\u53ea\u5904\u7406<code>ls<\/code>\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u6709<code>1.c<\/code> \u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4f7f\u7528 <code>ls | grep \"c\"<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e<code>grep<\/code>\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u6536\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u662f<code>1.c<\/code> \u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5<code>grep<\/code>\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u4e86<code>1.c <\/code>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c \u4f46\u5982\u679c\u6211\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u6709\u4e14\u4ec5\u6709\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6211\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\u5728<code>1.c<\/code>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u4e2d\u627e\u51fa\u5305\u542b\u5b57\u6bcd<code>c<\/code>\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5462\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e8c\u4e49\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u90a3\u4e48\u6d88\u9664\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8c\u4e49\u6027\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\u5e72\u8106\u4e0d\u8981\u8ba9\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6210\u4e3a\u547d\u4ee4\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5c31\u8ba9\u5176\u5b89\u9759\u7684\u5355\u7eaf\u7684\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u4fbf\u53ef\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5e0c\u671b\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528<code>xargs<\/code>\u544a\u8bc9<code>bash<\/code>\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u8bf7\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u770b\u4f5c\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u547d\u4ee4\u5e94\u8be5\u8fd9\u6837\u5199 <code>ls | xargs grep \"c\",<\/code>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c<code>grep<\/code>\u4f1a\u5c06<code>ls<\/code>\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c<code>1.c<\/code>\u770b\u4f5c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53bb\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5bfb\u627e\u542b\u6709<code>c<\/code>\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0b\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6211\u7684\u731c\u60f3\u7684\u8bc1\u660e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/ZBGF42SJ2M8B1AR8CC0.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"477\" height=\"38\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/ZBGF42SJ2M8B1AR8CC0.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-499\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 477px) 100vw, 477px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u77e5\u9053\u6211\u7684new5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a1.c\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1YF0NP0ET2@TY31G.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"528\" height=\"58\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1YF0NP0ET2@TY31G.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-500\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 528px) 100vw, 528px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u91cc\u770b\u5230\u4e861.c\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/ON3R9O51VBFBPK.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"571\" height=\"44\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/ON3R9O51VBFBPK.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-501\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 571px) 100vw, 571px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528<code>xargs<\/code>\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u79f0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/BP7ZOENZN0HFH8JR7OPP.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"632\" height=\"43\" data-original=\"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/BP7ZOENZN0HFH8JR7OPP.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-502\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 632px) 100vw, 632px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f7f\u7528<code>xargs<\/code>\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u8be2\u7f51\u7ad9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linuxcool.com\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.linuxcool.com\/\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\">Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u8be2\u624b\u518c<\/mark><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Linux\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u53f2 \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e94\u5927\u57fa\u672c\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u8bbe\u5907\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406 \u80af\u00b7\u6c64\u666e\u68ee\u3001\u4e39 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":718,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,4],"tags":[33],"class_list":["post-571","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-learning","category-os","tag-linux"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/571","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=571"}],"version-history":[{"count":21,"href":"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/571\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":717,"href":"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/571\/revisions\/717"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/718"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=571"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=571"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.chxzking.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=571"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}